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<pre>Tellurium hexafluoride
(CAS No: 7783-80-4)
Health-based Reassessment of Administrative
Occupational Exposure Limits
Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure Limits,
a committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands
No. 2000/15OSH/056, The Hague, 31 October 2002
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<pre>Preferred citation:
Health Council of the Netherlands: Committee on Updating of Occupational
Exposure Limits. Tellurium hexafluoride; Health-based Reassessment of
Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits. The Hague: Health Council of
the Netherlands, 2002; 2000/15OSH/056.
all rights reserved
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<pre>1     Introduction
      The present document contains the assessment of the health hazard of tellurium
      hexafluoride by the Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure Limits, a
      committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands. The first draft of this
      document was prepared by MA Maclaine Pont, M.Sc. (Wageningen University,
      Wageningen, the Netherlands).
          The evaluation of the toxicity of tellurium hexafluoride has been based on
      the review by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
      (ACG99). Where relevant, the original publications were reviewed and
      evaluated as will be indicated in the text. In addition, literature was retrieved
      from the databases Toxline, Medline, and Chemical Abstracts, covering the
      periods of 1981 to April 1999, 1966 to May 1999, and 1937 to April 1999,
      respectively, and using the following key words: tellurium fluoride and
      7783-80-4. The final literature search was carried out in May 1999.
          In September 2001, the President of the Health Council released a draft of
      the document for public review. The committee received no comments.
2     Identity
       name                      :     tellurium hexafluoride
       synonyms                  :     tellurium fluoride
       molecular formula         :     F6Te
       molecular structure       :     -
       CAS number                :     7783-80-4
056-3 Tellurium hexafluoride
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<pre>3     Physical and chemical properties
       molecular weight                :     241.61
       melting point                   :     -37.8oC
       boiling point                   :     -38.9oC (sublimation)
       flash point                     :     -
       vapour pressure                 :     at 20oC: >101 kPa
       solubility in water             :     decomposes
       log Poctanol/water              :     0.21 (estimated)
       conversion factors              :     1 mg/m3 = 0.01 ppm
       (20oC, 101.3 kPa)                     1 ppm = 10.05 mg/m3
      Data from ACG99, Lid96, http://esc.syrres.com.
      Tellurium hexafluoride is a colourless, non-combustible gas with a repulsive
      odour. Upon contact with water, it slowly hydrolyses into telluric acid, H6TeO6;
      it is more quickly hydrolysed by aqueous potassium hydroxide. Half-life times
      have not been found. It does not attack glass when pure. It corrodes mercury
      (Bud96)
4     Uses
      No uses of tellurium hexafluoride have been found. It is a by-product of ore
      refining (ACG99).
5     Biotransformation and kinetics
      The committee did not find data on the toxicokinetics of tellurium hexafluoride.
6     Effects and mechanism of action
      Human data
      Human exposure to TeF6 has caused headache, chest pain, and dyspnoea. No
      quantitative data are available (ACG99). Two cases of acute poisoning by TeF6
      have been reported, resulting from the leakage of 50 grams into a small
      laboratory. The symptoms included metallic taste; anorexia; lassitude;
056-4 Health-based Recommended Occupational Exposure Limits
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<pre>      sleepiness; a rash; bluish-black patches on the skin of the fingers, neck, and
      face; and a sour garlic odour of the breath, sweat, and urine. There were
      apparently no significant pulmonary effects (report from 1975, ACG99). This
      suggests that Te effects might dominate the toxicology of TeF6, rather than
      those of HF.
      Animal data
      In a series of inhalation experiments in which rats (male; n=2/group), rabbits
      (n=1/group), mice (male; n=4/group), and guinea pigs (n=1/group) were
      exposed to concentrations of 1 to 100 ppm (according to Kimmerle 10.9-1091
      mg/m3) for 1 or 4 hours, exposure to 1 ppm TeF6 (10.05 mg/m3) for 1 or 4 hours
      induced hyperpnoea and pulmonary oedema, but no mortality. Higher exposure
      concentrations of 5 to 100 ppm (54.5-1090 mg/m3) (exposure duration: 4 hours)
      were invariably fatal to all animals, lung oedema being the cause of death.
      Exposure to 5 ppm for 1 hour caused severe respiratory tract damage and
      mortality in all mice. Repeated 1-hour exposures at 1 ppm for 5 consecutive
      days resulted in no recognisable injury among the animals (Kim60).
           ACGIH concludes from these data that tolerance against the acute effects of
      TeF6 exposure can develop (ACG99).
      The committee did not find any other experimental data on TeF6.
7     Existing guidelines
      The current administrative occupational exposure limit (MAC) for tellurium
      hexafluoride in the Netherlands is 0.2 mg/m3 (0.02 ppm), 8-hour TWA.
          Existing occupational exposure limits for tellurium hexafluoride in some
      European countries and in the USA are summarised in the annex.
8     Assessment of health hazard
      There is great lack of data after exposure to tellurium hexafluoride both in
      humans and in animals. It is expected that, once the compound has been
      absorbed in the body, it hydrolyses into fluoride and tellurium ion. The
      hexavalent tellurium is not stable; it can be reduced to lower valence states. The
      fluoride ion can induce irritation in the respiratory tract, kidney dysfunctioning,
      and bony fluorosis (DEC89). For hydrogen fluoride, an occupational exposure
056-5 Tellurium hexafluoride
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<pre>       limit of 1.0 mg F-/m3 (15-minute time-weighted average) has been established to
       prevent direct effects on the respiratory tract (DEC89). However, since human
       data suggest that Te effects might dominate the toxicology of TeF6, the
       committee is of the opinion that the occupational exposure limit for fluoride
       cannot be used in setting a limit for tellurium hexafluoride.
       The committee considers the toxicological database on tellurium hexafluoride
       too poor to justify recommendation of a health-based occupational exposure
       limit.
       The committee concludes that there is insufficient information to comment on
       the level of the present MAC-value.
       References
ACG99  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Tellurium hexafluoride. In:
       TLVs® and other occupational exposure values - 1999. [CD-ROM]. Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®,
       1999.
ACG02a American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Guide to occupational
       exposure values - 2002. Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®, Inc, 2002: 122.
ACG02b American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 2002 TLVs® and BEIs®.
       Threshold Limit Values for chemical substances and fysical agents. Biological Exposure Indices.
       Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®, Inc, 2002: 55.
Arb00a Arbejdstilsynet. Grænseværdier for stoffer og materialer. Copenhagen, Denmark: Arbejdstilsynet,
       2000; At-vejledning C.0.1.
Arb00b Arbetarskyddstyrelsen. Hygieniska gränsvärden och åtgärder mot luftföroreningar. Solna, Sweden:
       National Board of Occupational Safety and Health, 2000; Ordinance AFS 2000/3.
Bud96  Budavari S, O’Neill MJ, Smith A, et al., eds. The Merck Index. An encyclopedia of chemicals,
       drugs, and biologicals. 12th ed. Whitehouse Station NJ, USA: Merck & Co, Inc, 1996: 1560.
CEC00  Commission of the European Communities (CEC). Commission Directive 2000/39/EC of 8 June
       2000 establishing a first list of indicative occupational exposure limit values in implementation of
       Council Directive 98/24/EC on the protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks
       related to chemical agents at work. Official Journal of the European Communities 2000; L142
       (16/06/2000): 47-50.
DEC89  Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS). Health-based recommended
       occupational exposure limits for fluorine, hydrogen fluoride and inorganic fluoride compounds. The
       Hague, the Netherlands: Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, Directorate-General of
       Labour/Sdu, Servicecentrum Uitgevers, 1989; rep no RA1/89.
056-6  Health-based Recommended Occupational Exposure Limits
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<pre>DFG02 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher
      Arbeitsstoffe. MAK- und BAT-Werte-Liste 2002. Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentrationen und
      Biologische Arbeitsstofftoleranzwerte. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH, 2002; rep no 38.
HSE02 Health and Safety Executive (HSE). EH40/2002. Occupational exposure limits 2002. Sudbury
      (Suffolk), England: HSE Books, 2002.
Kim60 Kimmerle G. Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Inhalationstoxicität von Schwefel-, Selen- und
      Tellurhexafluorid. Arch Toxicol 1960; 18: 140-4.
Lid96 Lide DR, Frederikse HPR, eds. CRC Handbook of chemistry and physics. 77th ed. Boca Raton FL,
      USA: CRC Press, 1996; 4-89, 6-56.
SZW02 Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid (SZW). Nationale MAC-lijst 2002. The Hague,
      the Netherlands: Sdu, Servicecentrum Uitgevers, 2002: 40.
TRG00 TRGS 900: Grenzwerte in der Luft am Arbeitsplatz; Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe. BArbBl
      2000; 2.
056-7 Tellurium hexafluoride
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<pre>             Annex
Occupational exposure limits for tellurium hexafluoride in various countries.
country                            occupational exposure             time-weighted    type of exposure noteb    referencec
 -organisation                     limita                            average          limit
                                   ppm              mg/m3
the Netherlands
 - Ministry of Social Affairs      0.02             0.2              8h               administrative            SZW02
and Employment
Germany
 - AGS                             -                -                                                           TRG00
 - DFG MAK-Kommission              -                -                                                           DFG02
Great Britain
 - HSE                             -                -                                                           HSE02
Sweden                             -                -                                                           Arb00b
Denmark                            0.02             0.2              8h                                S        Arb00a
USA
 - ACGIH                           0.02             -                8h               TLV                       ACG02b
 - OSHA                            0.02             0.2              8h               PEL                       ACG02a
 - NIOSH                           0.02             0.2              10 h             REL                       ACG02a
European Union
 - SCOEL                           -                -                                                           CEC00
a
      As tellurium.
b
      S = skin notation; which means that skin absorption may contribute considerably to the body burden; sens = substance
      can cause sensitisation.
c
      Reference to the most recent official publication of occupational exposure limits.
056-8        Health-based Recommended Occupational Exposure Limits
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