<b>Bijsluiter</b>. De hyperlink naar het originele document werkt niet meer. Daarom laat Woogle de tekst zien die in dat document stond. Deze tekst kan vreemde foutieve woorden of zinnen bevatten en de opmaak kan verdwenen of veranderd zijn. Dit komt door het zwartlakken van vertrouwelijke informatie of doordat de tekst niet digitaal beschikbaar was en dus ingescand en vervolgens via OCR weer ingelezen is. Voor het originele document, neem contact op met de Woo-contactpersoon van het bestuursorgaan.<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 1 ======================================================================

<pre>Isopropylamine
(CAS No: 75-31-0
Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits
Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure Limits,
a committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands
No. 2000/15OSH/122, The Hague, June 8, 2004
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<pre>Preferred citation:
Health Council of the Netherlands: Committee on Updating of Occupational
Exposure Limits. Isopropylamine; Health-based Reassessment of Administrative
Occupational Exposure Limits. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands,
2004; 2000/15OSH/122.
all rights reserved
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<pre>1     Introduction
      The present document contains the assessment of the health hazard of
      isopropylamine by the Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure
      Limits, a committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands. The first draft of
      this document was prepared by H Stouten, M.Sc. (TNO Nutrition and Food
      Research, Zeist, the Netherlands).
           The evaluation of the toxicity of isopropylamine has been based on the
      review by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
      (ACGIH) (ACG98). Where relevant, the original publications were reviewed and
      evaluated as will be indicated in the text. In addition, in April 1999, literature
      was searched in the on-line databases Medline, Toxline, Chemical Abstracts, and
      NIOSHTIC, starting from 1966, 1965, 1967, and 1973, respectively, and using
      the following key words: 2-propanamine, isopropylamine, 1-methylethylamine,
      2-aminopropane, 2-propylamine, monoisopropylamine, sec-propylamine, and
      75-31-0.
           In February 2001, the President of the Health Council released a draft of the
      document for public review. Comments were received from the following
      individuals and organisations: R. Rossbacher (BASF, Ludwigshafen, FRG).
      These comments were taken into account in deciding on the final version of the
      document.
           An additional search in Toxline and Medline in January 2004 did not result in
      information changing the committee’s conclusions.
2     Identity
      name                  :   isopropylamine
      synonyms              :   2-aminopropane; 2-propanamine; 1-methylethylamine; 2-
                                propylamine; monoisopropylamine; sec-propylamine
      molecular formula     :   C3H9N
      structural formula    :   (CH3)2CHNH2
      CAS number            :   75-31-0
122-3 Isopropylamine
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<pre>3     Physical and chemical properties
      molecular weight          :   59.1
      boiling point             :   33oC
      melting point             :   -101oC
      flash point               :   -37.2oC (closed cup); -26oC (open cup)
      vapour pressure           :   at 20oC: 61-64 kPa
      solubility in water       :   miscible
      log Poctanol/water        :   0.26 (experimental); 0.27 (estimated)
      conversion factors        :   at 20oC, 101.3 kPa: 1 ppm = 2.5 mg/m3
                                                         1 mg/m3 = 0.41 ppm
      Data from ACG98, Lun91, NLM04, http://esc.syrres.com.
      Isopropylamine is a flammable, highly volatile, colourless liquid, with an
      ammonia-like odour. It is a strong alkaline compound (ACG98, Lun91).
           Odour thresholds of 0.5-3 mg/m3 (0.2-1.2 ppm) have been reported (Amo83,
      Rut86).
4     Uses
      Isopropylamine is used as a solvent, as a depilating agent, and as an intermediate
      in the synthesis of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, dyes, insecticides,
      herbicides, bactericides, textile specialities, and surface-active agents (ACG98,
      Ben94, NLM04).
5     Biotransformation and kinetics
      In mongrel dogs intravenously infused with isopropylamine (0.25 mg/kg/min, 45
      min), an initial rapid and a subsequent slow decline in plasma levels with half-
      life times (t1/2) of 5 and 146 min, respectively, were observed. These values
      indicate redistribution of isopropylamine into a tissue compartment followed by
      a slow release into and elimination from the blood. Examinations of tissues 2
      hours post-infusion showed highest tissue/plasma ratios (ranging from
      approximately 5-17) for the kidneys (medulla, cortex), the spleen, the liver, the
      adrenal glands, and the lungs while significant amounts were found in sections of
      the brains (ratios of about 3-3.5) and the heart (ratios: ca. 2-3.5) (Pri82).
      Following a single intravenous injection of 14C-isopropylamine.HCl of 0.3
      mg/kg bw into male Wistar rats, radioactivity was rapidly eliminated from the
      body via the urine with a half-life of about 2 to 4 h. Following a single
122-4 Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits
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<pre>      intraperitoneal injection of a similar dose, 97% of the radioactivity was excreted
      in the urine, all being identified as isopropylamine, 1.2% in the faeces, and 1% in
      exhaled air. In in vitro experiments in which isopropylamine was incubated with
      rat liver microsomes in the presence of a NADPH-generating system, more than
      94% was recovered as unchanged compound (Bak73).
           The committee did not find additional data on the biotransformation and
      kinetics of isopropylamine.
6     Effects and mechanism of action
      Human data
      The committee did not find data on workers occupationally exposed to
      isopropylamine.
      Animal data
      Irritation and sensitisation
      When 0.1 mL of undiluted test compound was instilled into the cupped
      conjunctival sac of the right eye of male and female rabbits (n=3/sex), severe
      redness (grade 3) and swelling (grades 2-4) of the conjunctiva and maximum
      corneal opacity (grade 4) were observed at all observation points (i.e., at 1 hour
      and 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days; washout after 24 hours) in all animals. By day 14,
      after which the study was terminated because of the severity and probable
      irreversibility of the effects, there were eschar tissue formation on the cornea
      and/or conjunctivae and corneal ulcerations in all animals, as well as scar tissue
      on the conjunctivae or eye lid in 2 (Wal85a). Instillation of 0.005 mL of
      undiluted compound resulted in severe corneal opacity while 0.5 mL of a 1%
      solution in water caused severe corneal opacity and iritis (no details available)
      (Mye96). In an older study, isopropylamine scored an injury grade of 10 (i.e., a
      severe burn from 0.5 mL of a 1% solution) on a scale from 1 to 10 (Smy51).
           The potential skin-irritating properties were tested by applying 0.5 mL of
      undiluted material to 2 intact clipped sites per male and female rabbit
      (n=3/sex) under semi-occluded and occluded conditions for 4 and 24 hours,
      respectively. At all observation points (i.e., 30 minutes, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and
      7 days after removal of the patches), maximum (Draize) scores for erythema and
      oedema and dark discolouration of the entire test site at all sites were observed in
      all animals. For all animals, there was eschar formation at the observation time of
122-5 Isopropylamine
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<pre>      24 and 48 hours at the occluded and semi-occluded sites, respectively. This
      persisted throughout the study, which was terminated after post-treatment day 7
      because of the maximum irritation observed and the probable irreversibility of
      the damage (Wal85b). Applying 0.01 mL of undiluted material to the uncovered,
      clipped, ventral skin of rabbits for 30 minutes (or less depending on absorption
      or evaporation) induced necrosis while moderate capillary injection was found in
      1/5 animals following similar treatment with a 10% solution (in water) (no more
      details available) (Mye96). In an older study, isopropylamine scored an injury
      grade of 6 (i.e., necrosis) on a scale from 1 to 10 (Smy51).
          The committee did not find data on the possible sensitising effects of
      isopropylamine
          The upper respiratory tract irritation was evaluated in mice (male Swiss OF1)
      during a 15-minute oronasal exposure to increasing concentrations of
      isopropylamine. The airborne concentration resulting in a 50% decrease in the
      respiratory rate (RD50) was 393 mg/m3 (157 ppm). Isopropylamine was also
      tested for pulmonary toxicity in mice and for the effects of a 120-minute
      exposure on the respiratory rates of non-anaesthetised, tracheally cannulated
      mice (RD50TC). The RD50TC value for isopropylamine was found to be 1223
      mg/m3 (489 ppm). From these results, it was concluded that isopropylamine is
      essentially an upper respiratory tract-irritating compound (Gag89).
      Acute toxicity
      A 4-hour exposure to 10,000 mg/m3 (4000 ppm) was not lethal to 6 out of 6 rats
      while all 6 rats died due to exposure to 20,000 mg/m3 (8000 ppm). Exposure to a
      saturated vapour caused the death of all rats within 2 minutes (Smy51). When
      rats (n=6/sex/group) were exposed to 5000 or 5100 mg/m3 (2050 and 2100 ppm),
      only one male animal exposed to 5100 mg/m3 died (on day 2). During exposure,
      laboured breathing, discharges around nose and mouth, lachrymation, and
      hypoactivity were noted. Post-exposure observations included laboured
      breathing, encrustation of the nose and eyes, opacity of eyes, urine-stained fur.
      Opacity of the eyes persisted throughout the 14-day observation period, as did
      one observation of laboured respiration and encrustation of the nose. At day 2,
      there was a decrease in mean body weight. Although animals gained weight until
      sacrifice, only female animals had body weights comparable to control animals.
      At necropsy, only focal corneal opacity was found (Bec85). A 4-hour LC50 of
      22,900 mg/m3 (9160 ppm; 95% confidence limits: 20,250-26,000 mg/m3 or
      8100-10,400 ppm) was established in rats; times to death were 2 to 14 days
      (Mye96). Without presenting details or reference, a 4-hour LC50 (rat) of 9800
122-6 Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits
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<pre>      mg/m3 (4018 ppm) was listed (Gre98). In an English abstract of a Russian paper,
      2-hour LC50s of 1738 and 2500 mg/m3 (710, 1025 ppm) were reported for rats
      and mice, respectively. Exposure caused irritation of the eyes and the respiratory
      tract, CNS effects (excitation followed by depression), and, upon post-mortem
      microscopic examination, circulatory disorders, oedema, haemorrhage, cell
      degeneration, and necrosis (Gus69).
          Dermal LD50s of 550 and 688 mg/kg bw were reported in rabbits (Mye96,
      Smy51). In the latter case, time to death was 1 to 3 days (Mye96). These data are
      conflicting with the results of a study in which 2000 and 5000 mg of undiluted
      compound/kg bw was applied to the intact clipped skin of rabbits (n=5/sex/
      group) for approximately 24 hours. One female animal in the high-dose group
      died (on day 2). During the 14-day observation period, no remarkable signs of
      toxicity or effects on body weight were observed. At necropsy, there were local
      effects (dark discolouration, hardened and thickened skin) in all animals, but,
      apart from petechial haemorrhage in the stomach glandular mucosa of one high-
      dose animal, no visible internal abnormalities were observed (Wal85c)
          In rats, an oral LD50 of 122 mg/kg bw for combined male and female animals
      was estimated from dosing undiluted material at levels of 70, 118, 200, and 338
      mg/kg bw. Toxic signs most frequently observed were decreased activity and
      staining around nose and mouth at all dose levels and laboured breathing at 118
      and 338 mg/kg bw. There were no effects on body weight. At necropsy of the
      treatment-related deaths, mild to severe congestion of the stomach non-glandular
      and/or glandular mucosa was seen in most animals, while there were no
      remarkable findings in the animals sacrificed at the end of the 14-day
      observation period (Wal85d). In a separate experiment, the LD50s for undiluted
      material and a 10% solution were <172 and 736 mg/kg bw, respectively; animals
      died 7 minutes to 4 days and 4 hours to 14 days following administration of the
      undiluted and diluted test substance, respectively (Mye96). Other LD50s reported
      in rats were 820 (Smy51) and 550 mg/kg bw (listed without reference) (Gre98).
          In dogs, a single intravenous injection of 1 or 30 mg/kg bw caused a dose-
      dependent increase in arterial pressure, heart rate, and contractile force (Ish74).
      In a follow-up experiment, a 45-minute intravenous infusion of approximately
      110 mg/kg bw (rate: 0.25, 2.5 mg/kg/min) caused an initial increase in arterial
      pressure and heart rate followed by a prolonged hypotension and bradycardia. A
      lower dose of ca. 10 mg/kg bw (similar infusion rate and time) produced only
      hypertension. There was a significant positive correlation between plasma
      isopropylamine levels and the decrease in mean arterial pressure; levels of 2
      µg/mL and higher were associated with decreases in mean arterial pressure
      (Pri82).
122-7 Isopropylamine
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<pre>      Repeated-dose toxicity
      In an unpublished study, reported in an abstract, rats (Sprague-Dawley;
      n=15/sex/group) were exposed to 0, 100, 500, and 1350 mg/m3 (41, 205, 555
      ppm), 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. In the animals of the high-
      concentration group, there were body weight depressions throughout the
      exposure interval and effects on eyes and nose (irritation: ocular opacity,
      sneezing, nasal encrustation; microscopic lesions indicative of inflammatory and
      degenerative changes), changes in serum chemistry, as well as a decrease in the
      number of lymphocytes in the male animals. For the animals of the mid-
      concentration group, microscopic eye and nose lesions indicative of
      inflammatory and degenerative changes were reported. The no-observed-
      adverse-effect level (NOAEL) in this study was placed at 100 mg/m3 (41 ppm)
      (Dud91).
          In an English abstract of a Russian study, it was reported that chronic
      exposure (time and exposure levels not indicated) induced reduced weight gain,
      slowed respiration, and decreases in haemoglobin and erythrocyte levels and in
      arterial pressures. A level of 10 mg/m3 (4 ppm) also should have caused
      increases in central nervous system stimuli thresholds (Gus69).
      Mutagenicity and genotoxicity
      Isopropylamine was negative when tested in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and
      TA100 both with and without a metabolic activating system (derived from
      induced hamster livers) at concentrations up to 8.3 mg/plate (i.e., toxic doses)
      (Spe82). Isopropylamine was stated to be negative in Ames tests (no details or
      reference presented) (Gre98).
          Isopropylamine did not induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured rat
      hepatocytes treated with 100-3000 mM test substance for 4 hours (Haa91).
      Reproduction toxicity
      In a range-finding study, maternal (amongst others, rales, laboured breathing,
      piloerection, body weight effects) and fetal (reduced mean fetal weights) toxicity
      were observed in rats (Sprague-Dawley; n=6/group) exposed to 919 and 1349
      mg/m3 (377, 553 ppm), 6 hours/day, on gestational days 6-15. No effects were
      seen at the 2 other exposure levels of 100 and 500 mg/m3 (41, 205 ppm)
      (Mue87). In the subsequent teratology study, mated female rats (n=25/group)
      were exposed to 0, 50, 499, and 1000 mg/m3 (0, 21, 205, 410 ppm), 6 hours/day,
122-8 Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits
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<pre>      on gestational days 6-15. Exposure did not induce mortality in any of the groups.
      In the high-exposure group, maternal toxicity was observed including
      significantly decreased body weights and body weight loss or decreased body
      weight gain for the periods of gestational days 6-10, 10-13, 13-16, and 6-20.
      Furthermore, rales, laboured breathing, nasal discharge, sneezing, and fur
      staining/encrustation were seen. In the mid-exposure group, there was a reduced
      weight gain for gestational days 6-10 and 6-20, but absolute maternal body
      weights did not differ from those from controls. Furthermore, there were low
      incidences of nasal discharges and sneezing. At necropsy, the only treatment-
      related findings were reduced abdominal fat in 9 and 2 animals of the high- and
      mid-exposure group, respectively. No effects were found in the dams exposed to
      50 mg/m3 (21 ppm). No statistically significant (with Bonferroni inequality
      applied) differences between any exposure group and controls were seen with
      respect to numbers of live fetuses, early and late resorptions, total implants,
      corpora lutea, pre- and post-implantation loss, mean fetal body weights, fetal sex
      distribution, and the incidences of malformations and variations (Kie88).
7     Existing guidelines
      The current administrative occupational exposure limit (MAC) for
      isopropylamine in the Netherlands is 12 mg/m3 (5 ppm), 8-hour TWA.
           Existing occupational exposure limits in some European countries and the
      USA are summarised in the annex.
8     Assessment of health hazard
      The committee did not find human data on the effects of (occupational) exposure
      to isopropylamine.
           Following intravenous administration to dogs and male rats, isopropylamine
      was rapidly excreted from the body with half-lives of 2.4 and 2-4 h, respectively.
      Following intraperitoneal injection into male rats, 97% of the dose was excreted
      unchanged in the urine and minor amounts of about 1% each in faeces and
      exhaled breath.
           In experimental animals, isopropylamine was corrosive to the eyes and skin.
      It is irritating to the respiratory tract. The committee did not find data on
      potential sensitising properties.
           Based on acute lethality data, isopropylamine is of low toxicity following
      exposure by inhalation (4-hour LC50 rat above approximately 10,000 mg/m3),
      and was toxic if swallowed (oral LD50 rat: 122 mg/kg bw). Data on lethality
122-9 Isopropylamine
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<pre>       following dermal application are conflicting (dermal LD50 rabbit: 550-688 and
       >5000 mg/kg bw).
            Data on repeated exposure were limited to an abstract of a 28-day inhalation
       study and to a teratology study, both in rats. In the 28-day study, the critical
       effects were irritation of the eyes and nose. The NOAEL in this unpublished
       study was placed at 100 mg/m3 (41 ppm). It was not reported whether
       isopropylamine had caused other effects on the respiratory tract. When
       administered during gestational days 6-15, isopropylamine did not induce
       embryotoxic, fetotoxic, or teratogenic effects at levels that did not cause
       maternal toxicity. From this study, the committee concludes that the NOAELs
       for maternal and reproduction toxicity are 50 mg/m3 (21 ppm) and >1000 mg/m3
       (410 ppm), respectively.
            In vitro, isopropylamine did not induce mutations in bacteria or DNA
       damage in rat hepatocytes. The committee did not find data from other in vitro or
       in vivo assays.
       The committee considers the toxicological database on isopropylamine too poor
       to justify recommendation of a health-based occupational exposure limit.
       The committee concludes that there is insufficient information to comment on
       the level of the present MAC-value.
       References
ACG98  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Isopropylamine. In: TLVs®
       and other occupational exposure values - 1998 [CD-ROM]. Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®, 1998.
ACG03  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Guide to occupational
       exposure values - 2003. Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®, 2003: 75.
ACG04  American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). 2004 TLVs® and BEIs®
       based on the documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for chemical substances and physical
       agents & Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati OH, USA: ACGIH®, 2004: 35.
Amo83  Amoore JF, Hautala E. Odor as an aid to chemical safety: odor thresholds compared with threshold
       limit values and volatilities for 214 industrial chemicals in air and water dilution. J Appl Toxicol
       1983; 3: 272-290.
Arb02  Arbejdstilsynet. Grænseværdier for stoffer og materialer. Copenhagen, Denmark: Arbejdstilsynet,
       2002: 29 (At-vejledning C.0.1).
Bak73  Bakke OM, Davies DS, Davies L, et al. Metabolism of propanolol in rat: the fate of the N-isopropyl
       group. Life Sci 1973; 13: 1665-75.
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<pre>Bec85  Bechtel CL. Acute toxicity of isopropylamine administered by inhalation to Sprague-Dawley male
       and female rats. St Louis MO, USA: Monsanto Company, Environmental Health Laboratory, 1985;
       study no 840015 (study available from NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0535841).
Ben94  Benya TJ, Harbison RD. Aliphatic and alicyclic amines. In: Clayton GD, Clayton FE, eds.
       Toxicology. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994: 1087-1175 (Patty's industrial hygiene and
       toxicology; Vol II, Pt B).
DFG03  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): Commisson for the Investigation of Health Hazards of
       Chemical Compounds in the Work Area. List of MAK and BAT values 2003. Maximum
       concentrations and biological tolerance values at the workplace. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH
       Verlag & Co. KGaA, 2003: 72 (rep no 39).
Dud91  Dudek BR, Roloff MV, Heydens WF, et al. One-month inhalation study of isopropylamine (IPA) in
       rats. Toxicologist 1991; 11: 88 (abstr no 265).
EC04   European Commission: Directorate General of Employment and Social Affairs. Occupational
       exposure limits (OELs); http://europe.eu.int/comm/employment_social/health_safety/areas/
       oels_en.htm.
Gag89  Gagnaire F, Azim S, Bonnet P, et al. Nasal irritation and pulmonary toxicity of aliphatic amines in
       mice. J Appl Toxicol 1989; 9: 301-4.
Gre98  Greim H, Bury D, Klimisch HJ, et al. Toxicity of aliphatic amines: structure-activity relationship.
       Chemosphere 1998; 36; 271-95.
Gus69  Guseinov TA. Comparative toxicological features of propylamines (n-propylamine,
       monoisopropylamine and diisopropylamine). Gig Trud Prof Zabol 1969 (3): 75-82 (cited from
       NIOSHTIC, access no: 1997:111181).
Haa91  Haas-Jobelius M, Ziegler-Skylakakis K, Andrae U. Nitroreduction is not involved in the genotoxicity
       of 2-nitropropane in cultured mammalian cells. Mutagenesis 1991; 6: 87-91.
HSE02  Health and Safety Executive (HSE). EH40/2002. Occupational Exposure Limits 2002. Sudbury
       (Suffolk), England: HSE Books, 2002.
Ish74  Ishizaki T, Privitera PJ, Walle T, et al. Cardiovascular actions of a new metabolite of propanolol:
       isopropylamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1974; 189: 626-32.
Kie88  Kier LD, Thake DC. Teratology study of isopropylamine administered by inhalation to rats. St Louis
       MO, USA: Monsanto Company, Environmental Health Laboratory, 1987; study no 86081 (study
       available from NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0522377).
Lun91  Lundberg P (ed). Consensus report for diisopropylamine and isopropylamine. In: Scientific basis for
       Swedish Occupational Standards XI. Arbete och Hälsa 1991 (8): 90-3.
Mue87  Mueller LL, Kier LD, Thake DC. Isopropylamine. A range-finding teratology study in rats. St Louis
       MO, USA: Monsanto Company, Environmental Health Laboratory, 1987; study no 86080 (study
       available from NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0522377).
Mye96  Myers RC, Ballantyne B. Comparative acute toxicity and primary irritancy of various classes of
       amines. Toxic Subst Mech 1996; 16: 151-93.
122-11 Isopropylamine
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<pre>NLM04  US National Library of Medicine (NLM), ed. Isopropylamine. In: The Hazardous Substances Data
       Bank (HSDB) (last revision date isopropylamine file: February 2003; last review date: January
       1999); http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov.
Pri82  Privitera PJ, Walle T, Gaffney TE. Nicotinic-like effects and tissue disposition of isopropylamine. J
       Pharmacol Exp Ther 1982; 222: 116-21.
Rut86  Ruth JH. Odor thresholds and irritation levels of several chemical substances: a review. Am Ind Hyg
       Assoc J 1986; 47: A142-51.
Smy51  Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP, Weil CS. Range-finding toxicity data: list IV. Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med
       1951; 4: 119-22.
Spe82  Speck WT, Meyer LW, Zeiger E, et al. Mutagenicity and DNA-modifying activity of 2-nitropropane.
       Mutat Res 1982; 104: 49-54.
Swe00  Swedish National Board of Occupational Safety and Health. Occupational exposure limit values and
       measures against air contaminants. Solna, Sweden: National Board of Occupational Safety and
       Health, 2000: 52 (Ordinance AFS 2000:3).
SZW04  Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid (SZW). Nationale MAC-lijst 2004. The Hague,
       the Netherlands: Sdu Uitgevers, 2004: 31.
TRG03  TRGS 900. Grenzwerte in der Luft am Arbeitsplatz; Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe. BArBl
       2003; (9).
Wal85a Walker B, Myer JR. Eye irritation study in rabbits. Matawan MI, USA: International Research and
       Developmental Corporation, 1985; IRDC study no 401-365 (study available from NTIS, Springfield
       VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0542011).
Wal85b Walker B, Myer JR. Primary dermal irritation test in rabbits (4 and 24 hour exposure). Matawan MI,
       USA: International Research and Developmental Corporation, 1985; IRDC study no 401-364 (study
       available from NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0542011).
Wal85c Walker B, Myer JR. Acute dermal toxicity study in rabbits. Matawan MI, USA: International
       Research and Developmental Corporation, 1985; IRDC study no 401-363 (study available from
       NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0542011).
Wal85d Walker B, Myer JR. Acute oral toxicity (LD50) study in rats. Matawan MI, USA: International
       Research and Developmental Corporation, 1985; IRDC study no 401-362 (study available from
       NTIS, Springfield VA, USA; order no NTIS/OTS0542011).
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<pre>              Annex
Occupational exposure limits for isopropylamine in various countries.
country                           occupational                time-weighted       type of         notea       referenceb
- organisation                    exposure limit              average             exposure limit
                                  ppm         mg/m3
the Netherlands
- Ministry of Social Affairs and 5            12              8h                  administrative              SZW04
Employment
Germany
- AGS                             5           12              8h                                              TRG03
                                  20          60              15 min
                                                                                                  d
- DFG MAK-Kommission              5           12              8h                                              DFG03
                                  10          24              15 minc
Great-Britain
- HSE                             -           -                                                               HSE02
Sweden                            5           12              8h                                              Swe00
                                  10          25              15 min
Denmark                           5           12              8h                  OEL                         Arb02
USA
- ACGIH                           5           -               8h                  TLV                         ACG04
                                  10          -               15 min              STEL
- OSHA                            5           12              8h                  PEL                         ACG03
- NIOSH                           -           -                                                               ACG03
European Union
- SCOEL                           -           -                                                               EC04
a
     S = skin notation; which means that skin absorption may contribute considerably to body burden; sens = substance can
     cause sensitisation.
b
     Reference to the most recent official publication of occupational exposure limits.
c
     Maximum number per shift: 4, with a minimum interval between peaks of 1 hour. A momentary value of 10 ppm
     (25 mg/m3) should not be exceeded.
d
     Listed among compounds with MAK values but no pregnancy risk group classification.
122-13        Isopropylamine
</pre>

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<pre>122-14 Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits</pre>

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