<b>Bijsluiter</b>. De hyperlink naar het originele document werkt niet meer. Daarom laat Woogle de tekst zien die in dat document stond. Deze tekst kan vreemde foutieve woorden of zinnen bevatten en de opmaak kan verdwenen of veranderd zijn. Dit komt door het zwartlakken van vertrouwelijke informatie of doordat de tekst niet digitaal beschikbaar was en dus ingescand en vervolgens via OCR weer ingelezen is. Voor het originele document, neem contact op met de Woo-contactpersoon van het bestuursorgaan.<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 1 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     Benelux Green Deal for
     Carbon                       Neutrality with
     focus                  on     CCSU and
     Hydrogen
     May   2020
      Benelux Business
      Roundtable
     CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     Executive summary
     Benelux Green Deal for Carbon                               Neutrality   with focus       on   CCSU &      Hydrogen
     The   European Commission              has    recently presented its Green Deal with the ambition to increase
     emissions reduction levels to reach 50-55%                      by 2030 and carbon-neutrality by 2050 vs. 1990 levels.
     To make this transition happen, the EC is envisioning EUR 1,000 billion financing of which EUR 10
     billion subsidies will be granted through the ETS Innovation Fund’
                                                                                                                               Concrete next   steps:
     Benelux is      expected to play a pivotal role in Europe’s decarbonization given the region's high
                                                                                                                               1  Write  a position paper on cross-border
     emissions     target (1.2x EU average) and high emissions density (3.7x EU average) combined with a
                                                                                                                                  regulation harmonization (key focus on CO2
     high  Innovation      Score (1.3x EU average).
                                                                                                                                  and H2) consolidating inputs from all
                                                                                                                                  stakeholders   —
                                                                                                                                                    the intention is to finalize a first
     Whilst the Benelux         area   has made       significant progress with next-generation low-carbon technologies
                                                                                                                                  version of this paper by end of May to facilitate
     such as CCU/S and H2, there remains a significant gap between the required carbon abatement
                                                                                                                                  further stakeholder engagement ahead of the
     and technological capacity coming online between now and 2050                          —
                                                                                              a systematic approach to
                                                                                                                                   Viaams-Nederlandse top       on  November    4, 2020;
     involve as many industrial players as possible in these technologies is required.
                                                                                                                                  On the basis of the current     project landscape,
     Within this context, and based              on  initial conversations with industrial   players and relevant political
                                                                                                                                  identify potential    areas  for collaboration that
     stakeholders, BBR and its working members would like to                         play facilitating role in stimulating
                                                                                           a
                                                                                                                                  could in the short-term    provide operational
     cross-industry and cross-border decarbonization progress                           on 3 fronts:
                                                                                                                                  benefits for all parties involved and which may in
        1      Harmonization of cross-border                   regulation with initial focus  on the cross-border transport of    the mid-term   improve   eligibility for European
               C02 and H2 and the set-up of                an  open access  pipeline infrastructure;                              funding;
        2      Acceleration of                                                                                                    Confirm the need for      a  holistic   industry
                                       project impact by stimulating collaboration through knowledge sharing,
               both between ETS projects (e.g., Project Porthos, Athos, CCUS Antwerp, CCUS Smart Delta                            decarbonization      plan  with  key  actors from
                                                                                                                                  different industries and scientific    partners
               Resources) and ETS and non-ETS projects thus increasing the number of large-scale, cross-
                                                                         —
               border, cross-sector projects and thereby potentially increasing eligibility for European funding;
        3      Development          of  a  holistic     industry decarbonization plan and perspective on associated
               energy system needs that                clearly outlines the path to carbon-neutrality across multiple time
               horizons, incl.     an   assessment of potential symbiosis between ETS non-ETS sectors.
     1. Total subsidies depending on evolution of CO2 prices
                                                                                                                                                                                         3370
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     Benelux industry    The  bigger picture  —
                                                European Green Deal
     climate action plan Benelux  industry plan Current
                                                —
                                                        status and
                         partnership opportunities
                         Next steps
                                                                    3
                                                                      3371
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     The Green Deal aims to transform EU’s
     economy for                                    a    sustainable future
     GREEN DEAL STILL TO BE APPROVED BY EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND MEMBER STATES
                                                                                                       Mobilising research
                                                                                                    and  fostering innovation
                                                                                                                                   Key policies      under consideration
                                                                         |
                                                                           ‘yo                 A zero  pollution ambition
                                                                                                                                   Decarbonization: Carbon       neutrality by
                           Increasing   the EU's Climate
                          EL    GLE       AVE         PATE                                   for a  toxic-free environment
                                                                                                                                   2050,  -50 to 55% decarbonization     by 2030
                                                                                                      \
                                                                                                                                   ETS? evolution: Reduction in ETS cap to
                     Supplying clean, affordable                                                     Preserving and restoring
                          and  secure   energy                                                     ecosystems and     biodiversity increase from -2.2% p.a. to almost double
                                                                                                    From "Farm to Fork’:   a fair, Changes    to the ETS    system: Buildings,
                          Mobilising   indust
                  for a                       dd
                        clean and circular economy                                                 healthy  and environmentally    marine and road    transport to be added
                                                                                                       friendly food system
                                                                                                                                   Border Carbon     Adjustment: Ensuring
                           Building  and renovating in    an
                                                                                                            the shift to
                                                                                             Accelerating
                        energy and    resource   efficient way                           sustainable and smart     mobility        competitiveness of domestic producers
                                                                                                                                   (“level-playing field”) as e.g. ETS prices go
                                                                               | eave no one    behind
                                                                                                                                   up in coming decade
                                               Financing  the transition
                                                                                  { Just Transition)
                                                                                                                                   Financing:   1tin EUR climate-related
                             TheEU     asa
                                                                                                           A
                                                                                                                                   investment in the next decade
                                                                                                              European
                             global leader                                                                  Climate Pact
     1.  Emissions Trading Scheme
     Source: EC 2020 The  European   Green Deal communication
                                                                                                                                                                                 3372
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
    "Under the EU Green Deal, the ETS cap would need to come down
      almost twice                             as      fast  by 2030 than under   existing policy
      MtCO2
     GREEN DEAL STILL TO BE APPROVED BY EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND MEMBER STATES
      ETS market cap
                                                                                                 Policies under consideration
      min EUA       (=MtCQO2e)
                                                                                                 Buildings, marine and road transport
                                                                                                 emissions may be added to ETS
    2,100                                                                                        scheme, which will change market cap
                                                                                                 upwards to account for added emissions
    2,000
                                                                                                 to scheme
     1,900
     1,800                                                                 ~~
     1,700                                                               RL.  TR             -
                                                                                                2.2%p.a.
                                                                              a              Hl
     1,600                                                                                                SI
                                                                                                                    ©
                                                                                                                      T=
     1,500                                                                           Sv      jut
                                                                                                                          =~
                                                                                                                                Existing
                                                                                                                                Target
                                                                                                                                    get (40%
                                                                                                                                        ido)
     1,400                                                                        -
                                                                                    4.5%p.a.          ~~
     1,300                                                                                                   a     n
     1,200                                                                                                               ~~~ Green Deal
     1,100                                                                                                                      Target (50-55%)
     1,000
            2013         14        15         16        17  18  19 20 21   22 23 24     25        26     27     28    29    2030
     Source: EC 2020 The European Green Deal communication                                                                                   5
                                                                                                                                               3373
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<pre>13995443
     Over               360 bln EUR of additional annual investments will be
     needed to reach the 2030 target
     bin EUR, average 2021-2030
                                                                                                                            Ml Additional to reach -50/55%       by  2030    [ll To reach -40%     by 2030
                                                                                                                                                                                                               Jp         Share of EU GDP, %
     Additional annual
     investments?                                                  To be    more       precisely      calculated in future         impact   assessment
                                                                   Additional investments to achieve -40% decarb.                                            by    2030
                     360
                                                                            35                     23         8                                      123                                                             73
                                                                                                                                                 ={U]M[e[lgle]                                                   Tertiary
                                                                                                                                                     123                                                             73
                                                                      Generation
                                                                            22
                                                                          Power              Transport Industry                                  Buildings                                                       Tertiary
                2021-2030
     1.  260 bln EUR  figure comes from extensive impact assessment on meeting  -40%    target by 2030, additional 100 bin EUR is assumed by commission  as additional investment to meet -50/55% by 2030 (exact impact assessment on this will
         follow by summer 2020)
     2.  Versus baseline, where GHG -30% in 2030, -60% in 2050
     Source: EC 2020 The   European Green Deal  communication; A Clean Planet for all, EC COM(2018) 773
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3374
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                               »
     I'he 1              tln EUR investment budget presented as part of thee EU
     Green Deal will account for ~30% of the additional investment need
     tin EUR, cumulative between 2021 and 2030
     GREEN DEAL STILL TO BE APPROVED BY EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND MEMBER STATES
                      3.6
                                                                       As of   yet unclear where funding will                come    from
                                                                       EU     funding          for EUR Green Deal                                                                                             Key features     of ETS funds
                                                                       bin EUR
                                                                                                           Wl   EU   Budget [¥        Private and    public funding [ll      Member states
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         selection criteria
                                           TBD                                                                                                                                                                Project
                                                                                                                                                                                                              +
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  GHG emissions avoidance
                                                                                                      567                                      129                        315               ~10
                                                                                                                                                                                                              «
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Innovation level
                                                                                                              Just Transition Fund’; 143
                                                                                                                                                                                                              +
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Project maturity
                                                                                                                                                                                                              »
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Scalability
                                                                                                                                                                                                              »
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Cost  efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Application      milestones
                                                                                                                                                                                                              »
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  09/20 Round 1    Application
                                           EU Green                                                                                                                                                               deadline
                                           Deal
                                                                                                                                                                                                              +
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  01/21 Round    1 Results
                                                                                                                                                                                                              «
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  04/21 Round 2    Application
                           om
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Deadlines
            Total additional                                                                     EU                                                                   InvestEU        ETS Funds
                                                                                                       budget                               National                                                           .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10/21 Round 2 Results
         investment needed                                                                                                                co-financing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 pe  Further info in  appendix
     1.  Atleast 80 bin EUR addtional funding required for the Just Transition Fund, in total at least 143 bin will go in Just Transition Fund (with potentially up to 63bln EUR overlap with other funding programs
     Source: EC 2020 The  European  Green Deal  communication; A Clean Planet for all, EC COM(2018) 773
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               3375
</pre>

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<pre>                                                                                  Numbers not explicitly from EU Green Deal communications, but based on EC “Clean Planet   for  all” work that informed   policy making
13995443
     Moreover, large private investments that under BAU would go to
     conventional tech would need to be redirected to low carbon tech
     tin EUR, cumulative between 2021 and 2030
     Relative Sizes of    Splits in Bar Charts Illustrative       GREEN DEAL STILL TO BE APPROVED BY EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND MEMBER STATES
                                            BAU                                           EU Green Deal          targets’              Key insights
                                                                                              13.6
                                                                         4
     Investment                                                                                          Conventional tech             To meet the EU Green Deal targets, total investments will
                                                                                                                                       need to go up by ~3.6 tin EUR over the 2021-2030 period
     hodd                                       10.0
                                                                      +3.6
                                                                                                                                       Most of BAU investments in conventional
                       Oo                                                                                Low carbon tech
                                                                                                                                                                                         technologies
                       Oo                                                                                                              needs to be redirected to low carbon         technologies
                                                                                              13.6
                                                                                               se        TBD                           The EU Green Deal           to fill in 1 out of the 3.6 tin EUR
                                                                                                                                                            plans
     Source of                                                                            __1.0__        EU Green Deal                 additional investment need to 2030
                                                                                          —
     i
     investments
                                                                                                      {EuMember states
                                                                                                                                       The residual 2.6 tin EUR investment will need to
                                                                                                                                       member states   or private parties       which
                                                                                                                                                                                                 come
                                                                                                                                                                                         collectively
                                                                                                                                                                                                         from
                                                                                                                                                                                                      will
                       vw
                                                                                                                                                                             —
                                                                                                            ]
                                                                                                         Private                       need to increase their investments       by 26% vs BAU
                   (€)
     1.  -50% GHG reduction by 2030 vs 1990
     Source: EC 2020 The European Green Deal communication; A Clean Planet for all, EC COM(2018) 773
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3376
</pre>

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<pre>                                                           Numbers not explicitly from EU Green Deal communications, but based on EC “Clean Planet for all” work that informed   policy making
13995443
     Post-2030, additional investments to reach carbon neutrality are
     twice as high as those required to reach the existing -80% target
     GREEN DEAL STILL TO BE APPROVED BY EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND MEMBER STATES                                      of scenarios                        of scenarios
                                                                                                       @  Average                     ® ®    Range                     (if available)
     Abatement in                           -60%
     2050       (vs 1990),
     %
                                            -80%
                                            -90%
                                                                                                                                          .
                                          -100%
                                                      0 50             100               150            200             250             300                350
                                                                        Additional annual investments                    compared        to  baseline,
                                                                         bin EUR p.a.      post 2030
     Source: A Clean Planet for all, EC COM(2018) 773                                                                                                                                 9
                                                                                                                                                                                         3377
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                  °_»                           -                                               «
                                                                                ’
     The EU Green                                              Deal’s                   Roadmap                                  has several critical milestones with
     direct relevance to                                                        Benelux industry
     @  The EU    as a  global leader           @   Farm to Fork’                              @ Clean, affordable and secure energy                                  The   European  Climate Pact           Zero-pollution   ambition               [] Esp.    relevant for Benelux
     @  Sustainable and Smart      Mobility     {Preserving    and  protecting Biodiversity    @ Industrial Strategy for a clean and circular economy              ©  Climate Ambition                       Mainstreaming Sustainability
     From 2020                                                        March 2020                                                          By Q4     2020                                                                                           By Q4     2021
      ]  Initiatives stimulating  lead markets for climate            3   European    Climate Law                                         fy  Building     Sector ‘Renovation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   [    Revised   proposal fora
         neutral & circular  products for energy intensive                Proposal                                                            wave’ initiative                                                                                          Directive  on  Combined
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Transport
         Initiatives screen  & benchmark green                            European    Climate                                             i   Trans-European Network          —
         budgeting practices                                              Pact Launch                                                         Energy Regulation
                                                                                                                                              Evaluation & Review
                                                                                                                                                                                  From 2021                         By Q4      2021                @    Review of Alternative Fuels
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Infrastructure Directive and
                      From 2020                                       Biodiversity Strategy 2030                                                                                  {Measures        addressing       @   Examination of draft
                                                                                                                                          Ls  Strategy      on off shore wind
                                                                                                                                                                                      biodiversity loss                 national strategic
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       the Trans    European Network
                     &    Proposal   on legislative  waste reforms    a Farm to Fork Strategy                                                 Review of the Non-Financial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       —
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Transport Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        plans   —
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  F2F
                                                                                                                                                                                  @
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      :
                                                                                                                                                      :        irech
                                                                                                                                                                                      a nitiatives increasin
                      |   Measures for deforestation-free
                                                                                                                                                                                                    a                   Green Deal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   @               for carbon border
                          value chains
                                                                                   June 2020                     Autumn 2020
                                                                                                                                              ang rynvironmental       Action
                                                                                                                                                                                      capacity
                                                                                                                                                                                      :
                                                                                                                                                                                                 of
                                                                                                                                                                                      inland waterways
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             :               ;
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  of State aid
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Proposal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        adjustment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |          mechanism
                     @ Green Deal Agenda for                                       @   National   Energy and         Renewed
                                                                                                                                              Frame Promos                                                              Raley
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        guia    nes
                          Western Balkans
                                                                                       Climate Plans                 Sustainable
                                                                                                                     Finance
                                                                                                                                              Simm wantin                                                                                          £h emission
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Proposal   on  air pollutant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   standards for
                                                                                       Assessment                              Strategy       int     tion    Strat
                          Integration of SDG in                                                                                               IegralionSRIegy                                                                                                                  vehicles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        combustion-engine
                          European Semester
                               i"
     From 2020                                January      2020            March 2020                Summer 2020                October 2020                                                     June 2021                            By Q4     2021
     &   Funding call for public                   Just Transition        @   Circular Economy           Chemicals    strategy   i Legislation on                                                &    Revision of relevant            &   New EU Climate Change
         recharging and refueling points            Mechanism   Proposal      Action Plan:               for sustainability         hatteries                                                        legislation to support               Adaptation Strategy
                                                                              sustainable                                           supporting                                                       increased   2030 target
     oO toLegislative options assessment
             boost sustainable alternative
                                                   Sustainable  Europe
                                                    Investment Plan           products initiative
                                                                                                         Plan to increase
                                                                                                         EU 2030 climate            Strategic
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Zero Pollution action    plan  for
                                                                              focusing on energy                                    Action Plan            By Q4 2020                            i    Revision  Proposal                  water, air, soll
        fuels   production and supply                                                                    target (50%-55%)
                                                                                                                                                  on
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy  Taxation                         ai
                                                                              intensive sectors                                     Batteries and                                                                                         Revision of   measures
         Remedy     incoherent  legislation                                                                                         circular               i] Sustainable and smart                   Digctive                            addressing pollution    from   large
                                                                          @ EU    Industrial                                                                   mobility strategy                                                          industrial installations
     @   strengthen EU Green                                                  Strategy                                              economy
         Deal Diplomacy                                                                                                                                    “i  Proposal to support zero-carbon
                                                                                                                                                               steel-making processes by 2030
     &   Bilateral efforts on  action &
         policies comparability                                                                                                                            {New      EU Forest  Strategy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      10
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     Benelux is                              expected to significantly
     contribute to reach EU emissions targets
                                                                                                                             Il    Eu28       |     Benelux
                                                                                                                                                                Benelux is           optimally positioned to play             a
                                                                                                                                                                key     role in      Europe’s decarbonization
                                                                                                                                                                given       its...
     High      emission           targets’                    High      emissions          density                    High      Innovation Score?
                                                                                                                                                                ...regional     emissions    targets set by the European
     Reduction % in 2030           vs.  2005                  t CO2e per      sgkm,   2018                           2019
                                                                                                                                                                Commission        are meaningfully above European average
                                                                                                                                                                ...
                                                                                                                                                                    high  industrial  density per sgkm   enables   large-scale
     1.2X                                                         3.7X                                                  1.3X                                    efficient decarbonization in clusters
                                                                          —>
             —                                                                                                                                                  ...
                                                                                                                                                                    already established above average innovation levels
                                                                                                                                                                facilitate next-gen low-carbon tech
                                                                                                                                                                ...  direct  access   to the North Sea and   large offshore
                                                                                                                                                                wind    potential
                                                                                                                                                                On     top of that,       Benelux     can...
                                                                                                                                                                ...leverage      its geographic position (3 important ports,
                                                                                                                                                                access     to offshore carbon   sinks) for rapid and cost-
                                                                                                                                                                efficient   scale-up of CCUS projects
                                                                                                                                                                ... utilize its large  network of existing gas
                                                                                                                                                                infrastructure
                                                                                                                                                                ...apply existing knowledge/capabilities          for further
     1.   Under EU Effort  Sharing Legislation; country-specific targets for non-ETS sectors to achieve EU wide -30% target vs. 2005 levels by  2030. EU Effort large-scale CCUS/H2 projects
          Sharing Legislation is one of the key pillars of 2030 Climate and Energy Framework (along with ETS Directive and LULUCF Regulation).
          Benelux average is not weighted across 3 countries: Belgium: 35%; Netherlands: 36%; Luxembourg: 40%                                                   ...
                                                                                                                                                                     deploy short-term connecting possibilities for NRW to
     WN   Benelux average not weighted across 3 countries. Belgium: 1,440 tCO2e/sqkm, Netherlands: 2,104 tCO2e/sqgkm, Luxembourg: 568 tCO2e/sgkm
          Based on European Commission Innovation Score based across 27 key metrics. Benelux average not weighted across 3 countries. Belgium: 128;
          Netherlands: 135; Luxembourg: 129. All 3 are in Top 6 of EU's most innovative countries
                                                                                                                                                                accelerate      development of a European network
     Source: European   Commission Effort   Sharing Legislation, European   Commission Emissions Database for Global  Atmospheric   Research   2018, European                                                                 11
     Commission Innovation Scoreboard 2019
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 3379
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     Benelux industry    The bigger picture —
                                              European Green Deal
     climate action plan Benelux  industry plan Current
                                                 =
                                                          status and
                         partnership opportunities
                         Next steps
                                                                     12
                                                                        3380
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     There                  is an             impressive number of ongoing                                                                                                                                      DRAFT
     CCU/S                    and H2 projects in the Benelux area
     Not exhaustive                                                                         @ccs         @ccv          @oesv          @cosuwnrz            @  H2only
          |                                                                    |                                                                                     Significant  progress in Benelux             region
           ©
                                                                                                                                                     S
                                                                                                                                                  o%b
                                                                                                                                                                            24           initiatives
                                                                                                                                                     oD                 J   Large-scale CCS/U
                                                                                                                                                                            led undertakings’        in
                                                                                                                                                                                                       and/or H2 consortium-
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Belgian or Dutch clusters
                                                                                                                                                                             >    4      bn EUR
                 oO
                                                                                                                                                                       8
                                                                                                                                                                      —4
                                                                                                                                                                            Required     investment in CO2/H2
                                                                                                                                                                            infrastructure    likely underestimated?
                                                                                                                                      ao
                                                                                                                                                                                            —
                                                                                                                                             er ots
                                                                                                                                             to-date                  ) 1 S million
                                                                                                                                                                            Estimated emission avoidance
                                                                                                                                                                                                        tons CO2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   by 2030°
                                                                               te
     & Mapped projects focus                     on     European        Innovation Fund and, in                    more      detail, Benelux          area                              0O/
                                                                                                                                                                     CO -13
                                                                                                                                                                                            0
     1.  Including large-scale projects with focus on infrastructure for heavy industry, but excl. smaller-scale research initiatives (e.g., lab R&D by individual                  .           r
         players) or non-industrial end-uses (e.g, fuel cell-based mobility)                                                                                                Potential reduction of Benelux ETS
     2.  Significant underestimation likely due to (i) technology maturity (early-stage projects) and (ii) lack of public information                                       volume    by 2030  vs. i 20184
     3.   Simplified tech deployment and CO2 abatement estimations in analysis (see p.14 for details); potential overlaps of initiatives not accounted for
     4.   Based on simplifying assumptions in analysis (see p.14 for details); Based on 2018 Verified Emissions in ETS of 137.6 MtCO2
     Source: Press  research, Company statements, European Commission Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research 2018                                                                                              1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               3381
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<pre>13995443
                                                                                                                                                                                                          DRAFT
      Yet, first estimations show substantial gap
      between existing projects and EU target
                                                                                                          —
                                                                                                                ETS reduction
                                                                                                                                        [J]  ccs     capacity
      Carbon reduction of Benelux                            industry’                                          Abatement gap
                                                                                                                                        BB   ccumH2      capacity  28    Mtpa capacity by 2040
      MtCO2 p.a.       vs. 2018 baseline
                                                                                                          (x)   ETS reduction
                                                                                                                                        =    H2   capacity         Significant  CCU/S and H2   capacity expected  to
   150                                                                                                     "multiplying       factor
                                                                                                                                                                   come  online by  2030 and  beyond
          Phase 1     —
                        2020-30          Phase 2    —
                                                       2030-50
                 }
                                           —        ~,
              Q
                   6.0x B
                                         C “2 A x                                                          Outside-in assessment based                      on
                                                                                                           publicly available information                          20% of CO2 abatement
                                                                                                     >») Key assumptions                                           Yet, CCU/S and HZ capacity   can cover only 20%
                                                                                                           EU Green Deal      Targets   of -55%   by  2030 and   -
                                                                                                                                                                   of required  CO2 abatement in 2050   —
                                                                                                           100%    by  2050  vs. 1980 baseline                     insufficient to        with EU Green Deal
                                             r,
                                                                                                                                                                                   comply
                                  66of                                                                     Improvements in energy        efficiency  to offset
                                     Fe
                                   ’                                                                       increase in demand
                                                                                                           Carbon abatement       overlaps across projects not
                                                                                                           considered    —
                                                                                                                            no storage constraints assumed
                                                                                                           before 2050
                          AK
                                                                                                          2018 baseline for Benelux based                     of
                                                                                                                                                                          Mt CO2 gap in 2050
                                                                                                                                                    on sum
                                                                                                          verified ETS emissions                                   110
                                                                28
                                                  22                                                       ETS   development from      1290   vs, 2018 assumed     Substantial gap between required and planned
                                                                                                          to be   same as    Benelux total emissions       (for
                                                                                                                                                                   carbon abatement    —
                                                                                                                                                                                         38 MtCO2 in 2030 and ~110
                                                                                                          target   level extrapolation)
                            11
                                                                                                                                                                   MtCO2 in 2050 will need to be addressed via  a
                                                                                                           Simplified capacity ramp-up for projects
                                                                                                           assumed based on publicly available timelines           range of other decarbonization   technologies
     0
      2020            25          30              35            40                       2050
      1.   Projected CCU/S and/or H2    capacity ramp-up based  on simplifying assumptions stated above and limited  public data
      Source:  European  Commission ETS Transactions     Log —
                                                               2018 data, Press releases on CCU/S and/or H2   projects (see backup   for selected  projects),                                                        14
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3382
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 15 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
                    o_o                                                             .                                                                                                                                                     DRAFT
     Additional efforts will be needed for
                                ®                                             [J            @
     systemic decarbonization
     Overview of CO2-emitters in Benelux that                                                are     subject to             the ETS              system’?                                          0,     Only one fifth of Benelux players are
     Only showing          industrial       companies subject to ETS, tCO2e                                                                                                              20 06            actively advancing CCU/S or H2
     0    Iostisivel opis
                                  that have not   yet
                                                      a
                                                                        efforts  on CCS/U
                                                                                           Br
                                                                                                    H22
                                                                                                         |
                                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                                                                                                          technology (i.e. Map A # of plants by
     &    Industrial companies that have launched        one or  multiple CCUS and/or H2 projects (based        on project list in Appendix)?
                                                                                                                                                                                                          players with no CCU/S or H2 projects as
                                                                                                                                                                                                          % of total)
             Size not     proportional         to CO2-emissions                                       |    Size   proportional           to CO2-emissions
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Yet,  more   than half of Benelux
                                                                        on                                                                                                                         0)
                                                    &
                                                                  el
                                                                             °‘                                                                                        ®                 63 %             emissions     are  being    addressed     by
                                                   e
                                                         Sw hat To
                                                         oo
                                                                                                                                                                 :
                                                                                                                                                                                                          large-scale CCU/S       or  H2 efforts (i.e,
                                        &                             Jeg                                                                                          TER                                    Map B: plant emissions by players with
                                        Xx                ‘eo :                                                                    Tn                                                                     CCU/S or HZ projects as % of total)
                                       "4                       oe       ©                                                                                                i
                                                    S
                                          ®                   ®    o                    Schiphol Airport
                                                                                                                             ®,
                                                                                                                                                   .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AL
                                     B.:         oe
                                                      ®
                                                                ®
                                                                     Se
                                                                                           ing), Pesan
                                                                                                Ijnmond,                         eo
                                                                                                                                        '
                                       d ‘RR               ©, % hes                          a                              Jickhei                        ET                            Largest     emitters   seem    to be    on  the forefront of
                                                   sve
                                                                         °
                                                                                                Higragen                                                                                 CCUIS and H2 efforts            yet, participation of
                                                                                                                   Gog                                                                                                                           more
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       —
                           od                                                                                                             ;
                                                                                                                                                                                         companies      will be needed for      systemic
                                                             :                                                              SLE,                   :
                                                                                                                                                                                         decarbonization
                                                                                                                        A
                                        @                                              Sloe Centrale          TT)                                .                                               .                                                :
                                                                                                                                                                                         Meaningful progress on CO2 abatement projects
                      4 AL                                3                                                            a
                                       ®
                                                                                                                .                  :
                                                                                       EDF Luminus &                                 al                  x                               in recent years however, large number of
                                                                                                                                                                                                             -
                            *                                                                                   ®     7
                                                                                                                                                                                         initiatives running in parallel may lead to
                   o
                        °
                           %
                                    Le
                                                  °®                                              others                                  Ne                       Chemelot
                     ®               »
                                          °
                                                            ;                          Brussels  Airport                    »                        of
                                                                                                                                                           )
                                                                                               T-Pover]
                                                                                                                                      :
                                                                                                                          :
                        0                         A                                                                                                   :                                  +
                                                                                                                                                                                             Limited     exchange     of  knowledge
                 »
                               eg        °               %
                                                              o
                  0            M                                                                            »                                te                                                !                             :      tus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   limited
                                  2                          °_
                                                                                                                 Sie
                                                                                                                            gt
                                                                                                                                                                                         +
                                                                                                                                                                                             Dispersed focus, potentially                  impact
                                       >» Additional information                   on  individual emitters in           appendix                                                         +
                                                                                                                                                                                             Sub-optimal leveraging            of scale
     1.  Based   on 2018 Verified Emissions from ETS: # of         plant locations  n=776, sum    of emissions  =
                                                                                                                  137 6 MtCOZ2     once     data anomalies   were  removed                            i
     2.  Emitters  represent any plant participating in the ETS (i.e., one company can have multiple plants as emitters)
                                                                                                                                                                                         «
                                                                                                                                                                                             Inefficient    geographical coverage
     3.  For simplification, all emitters (i.e., plant locations) of any company active in a large-scale CCU/S and/or HZ technology                  are marked as  light blue. Analysis
         focuses on large-scale and heavy industry applications (i.e., not FCEVs)
     Source:  European   Commission ETS Transactions          Log  —
                                                                     2018 data,                                                                                                                                                                        15
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3383
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 16 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     How to accelerate the                                      path to carbon-neutrality?
                                            1                                          2                                        3
                     Harmonization of                  cross-          Acceleration of            project      Development of a holistic
                            border          regulation                   impact by stimulating                 industry decarbonization
                                                                                collaboration                   plan and perspective on
                                                                                                                 energy system needs’
                                            [1]                                                                                  (&
                       Initial focus     on   the cross-border         Identification of potential areas for      Clear outline of path to carbon
                   transport     of CO2 and H2 and the set-           (cross-border) collaboration across    neutrality by 2050   across multiple time
                       up of    an   "open    access”  pipeline          projects and industrial sectors         horizons, incl. an  assessment of
                                     infrastructure                                                          potential symbiosis    between ETS and
                                                                    Depending on the identified synergies
                                                                                                                non-ETS sectors    (from an industry
                                                                      (e.g. in terms of investment needs,
                                                                                                                           perspective)
                                                                        knowledge, and CO2-reduction
                                                                        potential), consideration of joint    Potential “clean team” with  key actors
                                                                    application to ETS Innovation Fund to    from industrial  companies to drive the
                                                                         increase likelihood of   success            development of this plan
                                                                     Investigation  of CCS/U opportunities
                                                                      that  are not yet addressed through
                                                                           existing projects  in Benelux
     1. Benelux: An energy transition Hub for Europe
                                                                                                                                                       16
                                                                                                                                                          3384
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     2,     The different port clusters in the Benelux                                                                                                                                                 DRAFT
     could benefit from enhanced knowledge sharing
     Not exhaustive
     Port cluster   Key project      Objective                                                                                                               Maturity
     Rotterdam      Project Porthos Open      access    CCUS infrastructure between Rotterdam Port and                           depleted gas                3-
                                    fields in North Sea                                                                                                      Permit/ Construction
                                    @®  air Liquide                   M                         Propuls £5.                          ExxonMobil
                    H-Vision        Blue     hydrogen production infrastructure complemented by CO2 storage                                 in               2-                   All  major port  cluster in
                                    North Sea.                               —
                                                                                                                             ;                           »
                                                                                                                                                             Feasibility study
                                                                            crioe             @ Lie                      wi 068                   VE                              the Benelux   are  pursuing
                                                   @ Airtiquide GasTerra                                            LL,
                                       o
                                                                       #                      pi                                                     -.
                                    E he Deltalings                         I Mo              ~~   Remerdam
                                                                                                               equinor    g a5 HE                   =
                                                                                                                                                                                  similar CCUS     objectives
     North Sea Port North-C-        North-C-Methanol in North Sea Port area, incl. CO2                          capture/purification      and                2 —
                                                                                                                                                                  Exploratory     based    on the same
                    Methanol        H2, methanol, ammonia production                                                                                         studies
                                                                                                                            i
                                                                                                                                              -
                                                                                                                                                                                  technologies
                                        bi.
                                                                                                                  a
                                                                                                                   it~                      -
                                                                                                                                                   Ewan
                                      2%                                               Forconone                            I
                                                                                                                                                Es
                                    al) Ee
                                               (Duasmar            flux
                                                                    dal
                                                                                                           AA                                   Cleantech
                                      ONGC              Oiltanking          FLUXYS
                                                                                         2:5
                                                                                          ©
                                                                                                    ArcelorMittal       (From P Flanders
                                                                                                                               ot aa
                                                                                                                                       2)
                    CCU/S Smart
                                                                    JC                                                                                       1    Concept (start  Almost all
                                                                                                                                                          =
                                                                                                                                                                                               projects  are
                                                                                                                                                               =
                                                                                                ZEM                                   CR               Murih
                                                                                                                                                     Jt)
                                                                                                                                       ©
                                                                                                                           FLUXYS                       eo
                                                                     YARA
                                                                              aP
                    Delta Resources   ArcelorMittal
                                                       <>                   TESLA REFINERY                   GasUHe                        SOR \             feasibility study in
                                                                                                                                                             April 2020)          still in early stages  with
     Antwerp        CCUS   Antwerp  Open access CCUS infrastructure for cross-border distribution and storage,                                                 -                  focus on conceptual
                                    linking to Rotterdam & Norway
                                                                                                                                                             Concept              development and
                                         ret             @ToraL INEQS           yxye®        @airliquide       Hd soreaus   ExxonMobil
                                                                              ;
                                                                                                                                                                                  demonstration
     Amsterdam      Project Athos   Open-access CCUS infrastructure with transportation from Europe                                 / Ireland to             1-
                                    storage in Dutch North Sea section
                                            pa                                                                                                               Concept
                                           uw
                                     TATA STEEL
                                                                +4
                                                                ++  Port of Amsterdam                          GasuHe
     North          Industry        Green       hydrogen and green biomass-based CO2                          production    to    support                    1=
     Netherlands    Forum           decarbonization of chemical industry
                                                                                                                                                             Concept
                                                                                                                           <g> RWE
                                       Nouryon         cicie (BIOMCN          og fg                 BE        ose
                                                                                                                                                                                                              17
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 3385
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 18 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
                                                                                                                                                                                                          DRAFT
     2.       Overview of CCS/U                                       use cases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 dive next
     OUTSIDE-IN ASSESSMENT
                                                                                                                                              Eh   Not relevant    » Semi-relevant oO Relevant              Deep
                CcO2                                                                                                                                                                                      Potential
                 demand                                                                                                                                                                                   relevance
                 categories       CO2   use cases
                                                                Description                                                                                                                               for Benelux
                 Enhanced oil     Conventional CO2 EOR          Use COZ    as a miscible gas to increase the sweep efficiency of oil in conventional reservoirs that have reached the end of
                 recovery                                       primary and secondary recovery phases
                                                                CO2 can be injected into the residual oil zone (ROZ) fairways of conventional oil basins to produce oil outside of primary
                 (EOR)
      =
                                  ROZ CO? EOR
                                                                pay zones, typically storing more CO2 than the carbon content of the recovered oil
                                  Unconventional CO2 EOR        Unconventional CO2 EOR          techniques such as ‘huff-and-puff     where CO2 is used to     pressurize and ‘swell’ 0il such that
                                                                additional oil gets  produced when the pressure is released
                 Construction     CO2-cured Cement              Carbon   curing of concrete as an alternative to the steam curing process that permanently converts CO2 to stable calcium
                 materials                                      carbonates, resulting in    a significantly faster curing time than conventional methods
                                                                CO2 is used as a raw material for making aggregates, typically using recycled concrete to create carbonate rocks which are
                                  CO2-derived  Aggregate
                                                                then be substituted for traditional concrete aggregates such as limestone
      [a]                                                       Chemical processes can be used to convert CO2 and hydrogen into synfuels that can be substituted into combustion
                 Fuel             Suniug)
                                   y
            |                                                   engines using traditional fossil fuel derived products such as gasoline, jet, and diesel
      6                                                                     ‘eat’ CO2 to create fuels which                   substitute traditional fossil derived fuels
                                  Macro- and micro  algae       Algae  can                                       can directly
                                                                Methanol   synthesized    from CO2    can  be converted into    polyethylene and polypropylene through traditional processes by
                 Plastics         PE, PP, MeOH-based plastics
        m=       chemicals,
                 new   materials
                                &
                                  Polycarbonate &  Polyurethane
                                                                using heterogenous catalysts to bypass ethane and naphtha steam cracking routes
                                                                CO2-derived polycarbonate and polyurethane can displace the PC and PU produced by conventional, more COZ2 intensive
                                                                methods
                                  Carbon Fiber                  Carbon fiber   (CF)  can  by produced by incorporating      COZ2 into the CF material    manufacturing process, subsequently     used for
                                                                aerospace,   automotive, wind turbine, sporting good applications, etc.
                 Food &           Biochar                       Pyrolysis  of biomass   generates biochar,     a stable, solid material that stores carbon    over long time periods (>100 years),  and
     3 agriculture                                              can  be used   as a fertilizer to increase crop   yields or as a water filtration material
     >
                                  Food &  beverage  CO2   use   Ultra-high-purity CO2 is used by the food and beverage industry          to carbonate    beverages and preserve food
                                  Greenhouse fertilization      CO2   can  be used to enrich air in   greenhouses beyond       atm. concentrations    (>400 ppm)   and increase primary productivity
                 Geologic    CO2  Underground  land/ocean       CO2   can  be stored in  a variety of geological formations, incl. saline formations, depleted O&G reservoirs, unmineable coal
                Storage                                         seams, basalt    formations, organic-rich shales, etc.
     Source:  Expert interviews                                                                                                                                                                                      18
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3386
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 19 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     2.      Many potential applications with relevance for the                                                                                                                                              DRAFT
     Benelux have not yet been addressed                                                                                by current initiatives
                                                                                                                                Expected  limited      Suitable application, with projects  Suitable CO2  applications, no projects
     OUTSIDE-IN ASSESSMENT
                                                                                                                                impact of CC5/U        planned/in place in Benelux’         planned/in place in Benelux!
                                                                                  Global CO2
                                                                                  reduction
                                                                         Cost     potential                Cement &         Plastics &            Land & air
     CO2 demand categories                                               $ACO2    Mipa                   Construction Steel Chemicals             transport                                Power                Storage
                Construction        CO2-cured Cement                     25-40    1,060
                materials                                                                                Ll
                                    CO2-derived       Aggregate          10-15    1,760
                                                                                                         |
       Ol
                Plastics,           PE, PP, MeOH-based plastics          (40-230) 185
                chemicals,                                                                                            |
               &   new
                                                         &               580-1990 13
                                    Polycarbonate           Polyurethane
                materials
                Food &              Biochar                              270-400  900
               agriculture                                                                                                                                                                                 Sl
                                    Food &    beverage       CO2  use    75-100   8
                                    Greenhouse fertilization             75-125   7
                Geologic            Underground        land/ocean        (5-10)   36,000
      in        coz
                                                                                  (all yearly emissions)
                                                                                                                                                                                                           7
               Storage
     1.  Based  on outside-in assessment (project list in Appendix)
     Source: Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    3387
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 20 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     2.      Especially applications not yet being addressed                                                                                                           DRAFT
     are the ones that could be most cost competitive
             Manufacturer's maximum        willingness to pay (2030)       Projects planned/in       No projects planned/in
             $fton-CO,                                                     place in Benelux          place in Benelux                   Definitions and      assumptions
       580   ~—__            Finished product plastics                                                                               © Willingness to       pay for CO2 is defined
                                                                                                                                        as  the maximum amount         a manufacturer
       380                                                                                                                              is          to pay for CO2       in input to
                                                                                                                                           willing                   as
       360                                                                                                                              make their CO2-based        product cost
       340                                                                                                                              competitive with traditional products
                             Biochar
       320                                                                                                                           @) Sequestered CO2 volume is defined as
                                                                                                                                        the amount of CO2 stored in the product
       0        mmm       mm   mmm    mmm    mmm       ee
                                                                                           mmm = —              —
                                                                                                                       Air  capture     through    manufacture    (ignores  avoided
       280                                                                                                                              emissions        emissions created
                                                                                                                                                      or                      through
       260    |
                ——
                              Carbon Fiber                                                                                                    of the
                                                                                                                       CO, supply       use           product)
                                                                                                                       cost
       120                                                                                                                           & CO2     supply cost is the range of cost of
                                        Greenhouses                                                                    $/ton-CO,        capture and transport of anthropogenic
       100
                                                                                                                                        COz2 for capture from different CO2
        80                       Food & Bev.                                                                                            sources
                                                                                                                       Point  source
        60
                                                                                                                                     @) Aggregates example: Application           is not
        40                                                                                                                              economical unless the cost of capture
                                                                     Storage                         YO                                 and   transport   of CO2 reduces     by “X”. To
                                                                                                                                        make it economic in the interim,       a
                                                                                                                                        carbon price of “X” is required
             T
       BORoO T
                                                                                                                                     @  Storage example: This application will
                                                                                                                                        not be economic with current process
                                                                                               Fuels ——
                                                                                                                                        costs, no matter what the cost of capture
       -80                                                                                                                              and   transport of CO2 is. Either process
                           Cement                  Aggregates                            Feedstock
             I
                                                                                                                                        costs need to reduce      or a carbon price of
                                                                                          chemicals
             \
                                                                                                                                        “¥" is required to make the application
                                                                                                                ~er
                                                                                                                                        economically     feasible
                                                                              Sequestered CO, volume, Mtpa            @)
     Source: Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                         3388
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 21 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     Benelux industry    The bigger picture —
                                              European Green Deal
     climate action plan Benelux  industry plan Current
                                               —
                                                        status and
                         partnership opportunities
                         Next steps
                                                                   21
                                                                      3389
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 22 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     Next steps    Write
                J]       a  position paper on cross-border regulation
                   harmonization (key focus on CO2 and H2) consolidating inputs
                   from all stakeholders  —
                                            the intention is to finalize a first version of
                   this paper   by end of May to facilitate further stakeholder
                   engagement ahead of the Vlaams-Nederlandse top on November
                   4.2020
                   On the basis of the current   project landscape, identify potential
                DJ areas for collaboration that could in the short-term provide
                   operational benefits for all parties involved and which may in the
                   mid-term improve eligibility for European funding
                   Confirm the need for     a holistic industry   decarbonization     plan
                   with key  actors from different industries and   scientific partners
                                                                                            22
                                                                                               3390
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 23 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     Appendix Industry  in Benelux —
                                     Status Quo
              ETS Innovation Fund  -
                                     Characteristics
              Selective CCS/U and H2   projects
                                                     3
                                                       3391
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 24 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443                   .                                                                                                              -—
     Overview                             of 2018                    greenhouse gas                                           emissions
                                                                                                                                                                                                            DRAFT
     by company
     Top 20 companies                           in Benelux account for ~70% of industrial emissions
     Highest emitting companies                            in Benelux           (based        on   ETS     reporting)
     2018      ETS, MtCO2e
                                                                                                                                                                38.4
       125
              455
                     10.7
       6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                  138 Mt COz2e
                                                                                                                                                                                  per year from industrial activities in
                                                                                                                                                                                  Benelux (as per 2018 ETS), of which
                              7.0                                                                                                                                                 ~70% are emitted by Benelux’'s Top
                                     6.6
                                                                                                                                                                                  20 emitters
                                                                    4.6
                                                                            42     42       42°
                                                                                                  33
      6.22                                                                                               26
                                                                                                                1.9      1.8   16° 3    16° 4   15     435       Ef:
                                                                                                                                       |
                                                                                                                                                       |
                                     Ua         LO          oT                      Tl     Exon a.pr        yy                                3
                                                                                                                                                               Other
                             M               Per A chenseio CS                                           i # On Kim 25                        #Eneco
     —
    De
            I                     TATA STEEL
                                                                                           Mobil     ay
                                                                                                                                                            |
            FALL
                                                                                                                               HEIDELBERGCEMENT
                                                                                                                                                         &'=~@pF
     1.  Belgian portion of Engie emissions    2. Dutch portion of Engie emissions, incl. ~3.3 MtCO2e emissions from the Rotterdam plant which is   no longer part of Engie’s
         portfolio 3. Zeeland Refinery is a  Total and Lukoil company     4. subsidiary of HeidelbergCement   5. incl. Esso plants in Benelux    6. SloeCentrale   plant owned by
         French EDF and Dutch energy company PZEM
     Source:  European  Commission ETS Transactions    Log  —
                                                              2018 data,
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 25 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     Appendix Industry in Benelux —
                                    Status Quo
              ETS Innovation Fund    -
                                       Characteristics
              Selective CCS/U and H2    projects
                                                       5
                                                         3393
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 26 ======================================================================

<pre>139954      e ETS Innovation fund is                                            empowering
   businesses to contribute to                                                  achieving the         2030
   GHG reduction targets
   The ETS Innovation Fund will                                   provide about EUR 10 billion of grants to private Objectives
   sector         projects           aimed at             reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions between           Create the  right financial
   2021 and 2030                                                                                                    incentives for  investing into
                                                                                                                    projects supporting the EU’s
                                                                                                                    low-carbon transition
   Main focus                  on     projects regarding:                                                           Boost  growth and
                                                                                                                    competitiveness of    EU
                                                           /\                                                       companies
   Ci                                                                            A                                  Support innovative low-carbon
                                                                                                                    technologies in taking off and
   Innovative low-                                   Carbon capture              Innovative        Energy storage   reaching the market in all
   carbon                                            and                         renewable                          Member States
                                                              storage/
   technologies              and                      utilisation (CCS/U)        energy
   processes                                                                     generation
   In energy intensive
   Industries
   Source: https:/lec.europa.eu/clima/policies/innovation-fund_en                                                                                  6
                                                                                                                                                     3394
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 27 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443
     The      deadline for the first round of Applications will be in
     September                  2020
                                                                                                                    mmm)   Preparation time
        Preparation time for first
        application
     HEX
         _____________________________________
           June                              September              January                   April                October
           2020                              2020                   2021                      2021                 2021
       —
                                                                    ®                         Ka                   ®                      »
           Expression of                     Confirmation of        Communication of          Application deadline Communication of
           interest (“first                  interest and filing of results of the first      for the second       results of the
           call”)                            complete application   assessment                round of             second assessment
                                             file                                             assessment
                                                                     i
                                                                     Coaching   and   preparation
                                                                     time for second application
                                                                                                                                          »
                                                                                                                                            3395
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 28 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443                                                           .                                 .                    o               ,              N
     T'o        date,               200             projects have been discussed during working sessions
     of the Innovation Fund, of which ~80% are driven by consortia
     Mitigation/                Energy              Renewable             Cement &            Iron &              Glass &   Pulp &  Hydrogen    Power       Other
     sector  option             storage              energy’                lime   Refineries  steel   Chemicals ceramics   paper  production generation   sectors®
     Efficient
     improvement                 a                                                                       Oo        0        i        OO                       24
     Fuel switch?
                                                                                                         be         AZ       &b        &                      1
     CCU
                                                                                                         ib
     ccs                                                                                                  &                            1
                                                                                                                                                 ily
     Circular                                                                21        &
                                                                                               ih        Cc                            ih                   Ki
     Otter                                             i                              oH        o         i                            o                      0
     1.  Wind, solar, ocean, hydro, geothermal, bio
     2.  To renewable energy source (incl. RES H2,   electricity, biogas)
     3.  Non-ferrous metals, mineral wool, gypsum
                                                                                                                                                                   8
                                                                                                                                                                     3396
</pre>

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<pre>13995443
     Projects       will be selected based                 on     their      performance against                        5
     criteria
                              Description
     @   Greenhouse gas       Compare the greenhouse gasses emissions against the ETS benchmark installation (“additionality
        emissions avoidance   check”) during the first 10 years of operations
     @   Degree of innovation Focus  on break-through technologies    that are not yet widely commercially available
     © Project maturity       In terms of  planning, business model and financial and legal structure, where  1=concept, 2= feasibility
                              study, 3= pilot, 4= running small scale & 5= running full scale
     @ Scalability            Defined  as  the market  potential by 2050
     @   Cost efficiency      Measured    as requested grant   versus expected  emissions avoidance
                                                                                                                                        9
                                                                                                                                          3397
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<pre>13995443
     Appendix Industry in Benelux —
                                    Status Quo
              ETS Innovation Fund   -
                                      Characteristics
              Selective CCS/U and H2     projects
                                                      0
                                                        3398
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<pre>13995443.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Type
                  susTive
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sehnelovy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Ss   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      S(E)     Hz enabled CCU/S
     Overview of European                                                                 CCS/U and hydrogen projects (1/4)                                                                                                             9 soon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         >]    Cross-border
                                                                                                                                                                                  =
                                                                                                                                                                                    Information not publicly disclosed      Further detail in this document
                                                                                                                                           Project
                             Name                                        Technology             Leading company                           type                    CO, impact    Cost, EUR M                       Funding                     Maturity?
     Netherlands             1. Project Porthos                           Ss                    Shell                                      ®      ©               37Mt  max.
                                                                                                                                                                                400-500                          @   PCl status               3
                            2. NortH2
                                                                         [H]                    Gasunie                                    ®      ©               7 Mtpa        -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1
                            3.  Project Athos                             u    $S               Port of Amsterdam                          (C]                    3-7.5  Mtpa   -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 —]  PCI status               1
                            4.  Project Everest                           UJ  (H)               Tata Steel                                 LC]                    4-5 Mtpa      -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              3
                            5. H-Vision                                  (Uy   &    @           Deltaling                                  ®                      2.2-4.3  Mtpa 839-2,769                                                     2
                                                                         ®                                                                 ®      ©
                                                                                                                                                                                -
                            6. H2   Magnum                                                      Vattenfall                                                        1.3 Mitpa                                                                   1
                            7. CCU at Twence                              U                     Twence                                     AC]                    0.1 Mt2       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 [/]                          2
                            8. Basic  Oxygen   Furnace 2 Urea             Uu  (8)               TNO                                        (C]                    0.1 Mitpa     120                              &                            1
                            9. BioMCN                                    ®                      Neuryon                                    Ci                     0.03  Mtpa    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 /]                           1
                             10. Renewable Jet Fuel from air              U                     Climeworks                                 (C]                    -             -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1
                             11. North Netherlands   Industry Forum       Ub  (8)   @®          Chemport Europe                            LC)                    0.03  Mtpa    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1
                             12. H2ermes                                 ®                      Tata Steel                                 {=                     :             -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1
                             13. Eemshydrogen?                           ®                      RWE                                                               -             ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2
                             14. CCU/S Smart Delta Resources              u    ©    @           Consortium                                 ®      ©               .             “
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 &@  FC status                1
                             15. The  Hydrogen  Delta                    ®                      Consortium                                 ® ©                    -             -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1
     Note: Not including projects  that are already operational ; overview based on publicly available information unless otherwise indicated
     1.  Scale of1 to 5, with 1   being conceptual and 5 operational at large-scale                                                                                                                                                                         31
     2.   Development   of electrolyzer in Eemshaven, directly connected to the Westereems wind park      and deliver of green hydrogen to Delfzijl industrial area
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3399
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<pre>13995443cXHAUSTIVE
        ~.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      u    CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ss   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  S(Z)     H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    (2)   H2
     Overview of European                                                                   CCS/U and hydrogen projects (2/4)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              only
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ®     consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     >]    Cross-border
                                                                                                                                                i
                                                                                                                                                                  -
                                                                                                                                                                    Information not publicly disclosed  Further detail in this document
                                                                                                                                            Project
                            Name                                          Technology               Leading      company                     type    CO, impact Cost, EUR M                        Funding                 Maturity!
     Belgium                16. North-C-Methanol                           u@                     CCU Hub Ghent consortium                   ®    © 0.6 Mtpa   500                                                        2
                            17. Power-to-methanol                          u@                     Port of Antwerp                           (C)     -          -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3
                            18. Steelanol                                  U                      Arcelorhital                              (C]     0.2 Mipa   150                               (./]                     5
                            19. Carbon2Value                               U                      ArcelorMital                               ®    ©            10.5                              5                        3
                            20. CCUS infrastructure   Antwerp              LU  &                  Port of Antwerp                            &    & -          -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1
                            21. Leilac  Project                            5                      HeidelbergCement                           ®    © 4
                                                                                                                                                               21                                                         4
                            22. CEMCAP                                     8                      HeidelbergCement                          @®      -
                                                                                                                                                               10                                                         4
                            23. Steel2Chemicals                            0   &                  Consortium                                 ®    © .          .
                                                                                                                                                                                                 [/]                      3
                            24.  HyPort  Ostend                            UuQ@                   DEME                                      (C]     .          .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1
     Note: Not including projects  that are already operational ; overview based on   publicly available information unless otherwise indicated
     1.   Scale of1 to 5, with 1  being conceptual  and 5 operational  at large-scale
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3400
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<pre>13995443cXHAUSTIVE
        ~.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ss   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                S(E)     Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  (2)    H2
     Overview of European                                                                    CCS/U and hydrogen projects (3/4)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            only
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   >]    Cross-border
                                                                                                                                                                                           -
                                                                                                                                                                                             Information not publicly disclosed       Further detail in this document
                                                                                                                                               Project
                            Name                                          Technology                Leading company                            type                CO, impact           Cost, EUR M                        Funding                      Maturity?
     Germany                25.  HySynGas                                 HH                       Vattenfall                                  1G]                 0.04 Mtpa            130                               17]                           12
                            26. Westkuste100                               u@                      LafargeHolcim                               (C]                 2
                                                                                                                                                                                        100                               —                             1
                            27. REFHYNE                                   ®                        Concawe                                                         -
                                                                                                                                                                                        16                                 /]                           3-4
                            28. CO2ZMin                                    uU                      HeidelbergCement                            (C]                 -
                                                                                                                                                                                        3                                 &                             2
                            29. GetH2                                     ®                        RWE                                         [C)                 .                    .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          /]                            3
                            30. LOHC   Industry  Transformation           ®                        Hydrogenious                                                    -                    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        varies
                            31. Post-combustion CO2     scrubbing          uU                      Linde                                       1c]                 -                    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3
     Norway                 32. Northern  Lights                           S                       HeidelbergCement     & Equinor              (C]                 100 Mt max.
                                                                                                                                                                                        1,600                             @     PCl status              2
                            33. Commercial scale CO2-to methanol           uU ®                    Carbon   Recycling  International            ®                  0.03 Mtpa            150                                                             2
                            34. Norsk E-Fuel  Alpha                        u@®                     Sunfire                                     CO                  0.03 Mtpa            150                                                             2
                            35. CCU   Solvay                               uU                      Solvay                                       i                  0.1 Mtpa®            -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1-2
                            36. CCS Norcem                                 S                       HeidelbergCement (Norcem)                    C)                 -                    -                                                               -
                            37. E-Fuel 1                                   u@®                     Nordic Blue Crude                            i                  0.03 Mtpa            150                                                             2
     Sweden                 38. Bio CHP in Stockholm                       S                       Stockholm   Exergi                                              0.8 Mtpa             55-72 EURACOZ2                                                  3
                            39. Preem CCS                                  S                       Preem                                                           0.5 Mipa             -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2
     France                 40. H2V NORMANDY                              ®                        H2V   Industry                                                  :
                                                                                                                                                                                        230   -
                                                                                                                                                                                                2502                      [/]                           2-3
                            41. H2V 59                                    ®                        H2V   Industry                                                  -
                                                                                                                                                                                        230   -
                                                                                                                                                                                                250°                      [/]                           23
                            42. 3D Dunkirk                                 5                       ArcelorMittal                                                   -                    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2
                            43. IGAR                                       U   Ss                  ArcelorMittal                                ®                  -                    -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2
     Note: Not including projects that are already operational  ; overview based on    publicly available information unless otherwise indicated
     1.   Scale of1 to 5, with 1 being conceptual   and 5 operational  at large-scale; 2.as  part of larger H2 infrastructure investment in the region; 3. by CCU and other initiatives
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3401
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<pre>13995443cXHAUSTIVE
        ~.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       u    CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Ss   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   S(Z)     H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ()     H2
     Overview of European                                                                    CCS/U and hydrogen projects (4/4)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               only
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      >]    Cross-border
                                                                                                                                                                    -
                                                                                                                                                                      Information not publicly disclosed Further detail in this document
                                                                                                                                             Project
                            Name                                           Technology              Leading company                           type    CO, impact   Cost, EUR M                                              Maturity?
     Austria                44.  UpHy                                      ®                       OMV                                               0.01  Mtpa   -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3
                            45. CCU    —
                                          Green Methanol                    Uu@                    OMV                                        &      -            -                                                        -
     Iceland                46.  CirclEnergy                                u@                     Carbon  Recycling  International                  -            -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3
     Lithuania              47. Clean    Energy Project                     s                      Minijos Nafta                              ®  ©   200 Mt  max. =
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2
     UK & Ireland           43 cork cos                                     S                      Ervia                                      ®      2.5  Mipa    ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2
     European               49. ICO2CHEM                                    U                      VTT                                       iC      -            -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           2
     Projects
                            50. RECODE                                      u                      Titan Cement                               ®      20%          .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3
     Note: Not including projects  that are  already operational ; overview based on   publicly available information unless otherwise indicated
     1.   Scale of 1to 5, with 1  being conceptual   and 5 operational  at large-scale
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             3402
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Uu  Ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         §   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       SJ)   H2enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          H2only
     1:      Project Porthos                                                                                                                                                                                                            Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        @®   Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ©    Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                          S
                                                          (c x
     Context                                                    ©       Description                                                                                                  © Key Metrics
     Project Porthos     is a CO, transport and                         Porthos is    a transport  and  storage system            that      comprises       a pipeline on land,        CO, Impact: max. 37 Mton,      2 —
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2.5Mtons per year in   early
     storage infrastructure set to be built                            the compressor station, a pipeline at sea and the                          storage of CO, deep below            years of operations
     between the Port of Rotterdam and                                 the North Sea. CO, will be captured from various                           companies and supplied         to
     depleted gas    fields beneath the North                          the    pipeline  and its platform.  There it is     pumped               into  an  empty gas field     3-4 km   Maturity:  3 —
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Permitting  / construction
     Sea.                                                              below the North Sea.
                                                                                                                                                                                       Cost: estimated €400M     -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    €500M total cost (EUR 13.5/tC0O2)
     It was  initiated by three parties:                                Porthos     uses an  "open access" approach, meaning                         it can be used  by    various
     »
          Port of Rotterdam         Authority:                         companies, achieving substantial cost advantages.
                                                                                                                                                                                       Funding: granted Project of Common Interest (PCI) status by
          knowledge     of the local situation and                     Timeline                                                                                                        the European Commission, making it eligible for funding from
          market                                                        In                                                                                                             the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF)
                                                                            2020, Porthos will focus     on four
     *
          Energie Beheer Nederland                   B.V.              main issues:                                                                                     RE
                                                                                                                   SE                                                          _—.
          (EBN): expertise     of the     deep                                                                     LE.                                                   ==            Note: Phase 2   (2026) considers a cross-border CO2 pipeline
                                                                        *
                                                                              Technical    development of the                                                                          between  Antwerp, Rotterdam and North Sea Port       —
     *
          Subsiriate
          N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie:                   gas
                                                                              transport and storage
                                                                               infrastructure                                                                                          CO2Transports program
          infrastructure and     transport expert
                                                                              Environmental     Impact                                                                                 Key documents
     ExxonMobil, Shell, Air Liquide and Air                                   Assessment and      permits
     Products have signed (non-binding)
                                                                                                                                                                                       Project Porthos brochure
     agreements to use the infrastructure
                                                                        *
                                                                              Agreements with companies                                                                        -_.
                                                                              to supply CO2                                                                                  LE
                                                                                                                                                                            ==         Milieu-effectenrapport
                         Po                                             «A greement t withwith th the
     El eb                S penet                                                                                                                                          :
                                 Rete
                                                                              government to enable CCUS                                                                      A
                                                                                                                                                                               TE
                                                                                                                       Overzicht onderdelen Porthos,
                                                                        It is  expected   that Porthos will be
     Ex¢onMobil         MD ® air             Liquide
                                                                       functional and      running  in the
                                                                        second half of 2023.
     Propu £2            Baha                  in
                              Crossing DOrders    enargy
     Source: Company website,    Annual     sustainability report, Expert  interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             3403
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                            Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                      u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                      Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                   S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                    (2)  H2 only
     2:      NortH2                                                                                                                                                                 Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                     & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                     >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                          (H) > >]
     Context                                    © Description                                                                     © Key    Metrics
     The  objective is to produce green           Vision of the  project is to develop Europe’s largest green hydrogen project in   CO, Impact:   7Mt p.a. once fully operational by 2040
     hydrogen     based    on  wind energy from   Groningen (Netherlands), from production to     customer.
     new mega wind parks in the North sea.        The envisaged production of green H2 is
     NortH2 aims to turn Groningen province                                                                                         Maturity: 1 -
                                                                                                                                                  Concept
                                                  based   on  renewable wind energy in the
     into Europe's   first European Hydrogen      North Sea with planned generation of 3-4
     Valley and to contribute to the European     GW   by 2030 and ~10 GW by 2040. Initial                                          Cost: N/A
     “Green Deal” and Dutch Climate Accord.       production via an electrolyser located in
                                                  Eemshaven may       possibly be  extended by
     Consortium coordinated       by Gasunie,
                                                  offshore                                                                          Funding:  N/A
     Groningen Seaports         and Shell                    electrolysers later.
     Nederland                                    The green H2 is planned to be transported
                                                  via Gasunie (current gas) infrastructure to                                       Key documents:
                                                  industrial customers in Netherlands and
                                                  NW   Europe.
                                                                                                                                    Gasunie press release
                                                  Once   fully operational in 2040, NortH2 is
                                CD
                       GRONINGEN SEAPORTS
                                                  set to produce 800,000 tonnes of green
                                                  hydrogen    and to offset 7Mt CO2 p.a.
                                                  Timeline
                              borders in energy   2020:  Feasibility study
                   crossing
                                                  2027: First wind turbines and first  hydrogen produced
                |
                          Dee provincie           2030: 3-4 GW of wind energy for green H2      production
                IR         7} groningen           2040: ~10 GW of wind energy for 800,000 tonnes of green H2       production
     Source: Company   press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                          3404
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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Ss CCS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          H2 enabled CCU/S
                             .
                                            Athos                                                                                                                                                                                                   0     io
         3 bd Project
              :
                           ]                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      @®  consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      >]  Cross-border
         Key characteristics:                       U          S
                                                                  el                                                                                                                                                                                           ji 3    c
         Context                                                 ©     Description                                                                                                                    © Key     Metrics
         Development of open-access                                    CO2 would be     captured from Tata steel operations in |jmuiden and stored in                                                   CO, Impact:   3-7.5 Mtpa
         interoperable high-volume CO2                                 empty gas fields under the North Sea. The planned network could comprise an
         transportation infrastructure from                            onshore CO2Z-transport pipeline, offshore storage facilities, and exit-/feed-in                                                        i
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Maturity: 1 -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Concept
         Europe / Ireland to storage locations            in           points  for other companies directly                  connected to this network                               or   other CO2
         Dutch North Sea section                                      transport    networks.
                                                                                               CO,       capture, transport, utilisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Cost: N/A
                                                                           At hos |            and storage under the North Sea
         Consortium between TATA Steel, Port of
         Amsterdam, Gasunie and EBN                                                                                                                                                                     Funding: granted Project of Common Interest (PCI) status by
                                                                                                                                                                                                        the European Commission, making it eligible for funding from
                                                                                                           TRANSPORT of CO
                                                                                                                                                                                                        the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF)
                                                                                                   ¥
                 44
          TATA STEEL                                                                                                                                                                                    Key  documents:
                                                                                         Lily  S1OHACE
                                                                                         al is Seth wl 3 =
                                                                                                           Shim
                                    CTO55IM) borders in ETIRMY
                                                                                                                                Fuibirs voi adh   fel            ”                  .
                                                                                                                                                                 WHHL ATO
                                                                                                                                £3,  gril of GEAR
                                                                                                                                                                          SATION of
                                                                                                                                                                                    CO, y
                                                                                                                                                                 Ey
                                                                                                                                                                    thee maustry
         $3      Port of Amsterdam
                                                                                                                                                      TATA STEEL ©
                                                                                                                                                                     Portof Amsterdam       (750710 =
                                                                                                                                                                                             AAR Eo
            cela                                                       Timeline
                                                                       2019  —
                                                                                Feasibility study finished by Sept 2019; start of concept selection phase
         Source: Company website, Annual   sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3405
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      (2)  H2 only
     4:      Project Everest                                                                                                                                                                                                          Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                 U
                                                     00
     Context                                               ©       Description                                                                                                           © Key    Metrics
     The Everest    project will utilise carbon                    CO from Tata Steel blast furnace gas in this pilot in ljmuiden is converted into                                        CO, Impact:   4 Mtpa
     monoxide and     hydrogen by-products                         synthetic naphtha (Fischer-Tropsch). Dow Chemical subsequently uses this
     from steel production for conversion into                     naphtha    as a raw      material for                 making plastics        that     can in turn be used          as
     chemicals   and also capture waste CO2                        feedstock for the blast furnace process.                                                                                Maturity: 3 —
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Permitting / Construction
     for storage  in North Sea gas fields
     Collaboration between Tata Steel                                                                                                                                                      Cost: N/A
                                                                                                                   COZ Compression
     (jmuiden), Arcelor Mittal (Ghent) and
     DOW Chemicals (Terneuzen)                                                                                    -_
                                                                                                                                                                                           Funding:  N/A
                                                                                 Gas Cleaning &                      COR Capture         Syngas Conversion        Product Recovery
                                                                                                                                   —                       a
                                                                                 Waler-Gas shift  |
                                                                                                    ji?
                                                                                                        ,                                                                                  Dependencies: CO2 transport to be provided by project
                                                                                                          bY
                                                                                                             a,                                                                            Athos
               MW
                                                                                                                “
                                                                                                                 ,
      TATA STEEL
                                                                                0+ H,0         +
                                                                                                  H,       +
                                                                                                              CO,                       'nCO     +
                                                                                                                                                   (2n+1) Hy  +»
                                                                                                                                                                 C Hya      + 11
                                                                                                                                                                                 HO |
                                                                                                                                                                                           Key documents:
                                                                   Timeline                                                                                                                Project Everest overview
                       <T>                                         2019-2020: Basic
                                                                   2020-2021:    Approvals
                                                                                             Engineering carbon capture
                                                                                                          and       pilot   version in Ghent          (Steel2Chemicals)
                                                                   2022: Pilot  operation           IJM and basic                  engineering syngas conversion
                     AN                                            2022-2027: Detail          design, procurement,                     construction &         commissioning
          ArcelorMittal                                            2027: Commercial             operation
     Source: Company website,  Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3406
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 u   CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Ss  ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              S(Z)   H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               (2)   H2
     5: H-Vision
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        only
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                >]   Cross-border
     Key      characteristics:                     U         S
                                                                   HY C
     Context                                                    ©       Description                                                                                     © Key     Metrics
     Blue   hydrogen’ (hydrogen produced               from             Construction and     operation of large-scale blue hydrogen production facilities in              CO, Impact:    2.2Mtons p.a.    by 2026 up   to 4.3Mtons p.a. in
     natural gas, usually via steam-reforming,                          Rotterdam. The CO2 that is released          during production   will be captured    and          2030
     with CCS) as accelerator and pioneer for                           stored in   depleted gas fields under the North Sea       or  used for other purposes,
     energy transition in the         industry                          such   as  crops fertilizer.                                                                      Maturity:  2     Feasibility study
                                                                                                                                                                                       —
     Partners include       Deltalings,      Air  Liquide,                                                                                                                Cost: €839   -
                                                                                                                                                                                          €2, 769M CAPEX investment depending             on
     BP, Gasunie, the Port of Rotterdam
                                                                                                                                                                          scope  (EUR    86-146 / tCO2    depending   on  the macroeconomic
     Authority, Power Plant Rotterdam,                                  Timeline
                                                                                                                                                                          scenario)
     Shell, Uniper and Royal Vopak
                                                                        Final investment decision in 2021
         bp
                                                                                                                                                                          Funding: Initial analysis indicates need for       EUR 700 M
               ® Air Liquide        oy              uni                 Start  operating H-vision facility late 2025                                                      subsidies
                                   Vopak
                                                      per               Increase    production capacity towards      2030
                                                                                                                                                                          Dependencies:       Intention to collaborate with the CCUS
     a Deltalings              M          GaSuHE                                                                                                                          Porthos  project in the port of Rotterdam. Option for
                                                                                                                                                                          collaboration with the H2M project, which aims to use
                                                                                                                                                                          hydrogen   as a   fuel for the Magnum power plant       in
                                                                                                                                                                          Eemshaven in      Groningen.   The Chemelot industrial site in
                        ENGIC
        celp                                    equinor                                                                                                                   South
                                                                                                                                                                          become
                                                                                                                                                                                 Limburg    could be
                                                                                                                                                                                             of the
                                                                                                                                                                                                       an additional collaborator and
                                                                                                                                                                                    a user          hydrogen from Rotterdam.
                                                  NEIRUOEN
                                                                                                                                                                          Key  documents:
     GasTerra
                          >
                          py
                                  Pert of
                                  Retterdam                                                                                                                               H-vision position paper
                                                                                                                                                                          Feasibility study report
     1.   Eeasibility studies have shown that the CO2      footprint of blue hydrogen (0.82-1.12 kgCO2-eq./kg H2) is comparable with hydrogen produced via electrolysis
          with renewable   electricity sources  (0.92-1.13 kg CO2 eq./kg H2) now and towards 2030
     Source:  Company website,      Annual  sustainability report, Expert  interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3407
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                         Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                        u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                        Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                     S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
         6: H2              Magnum                                                                                                                                    po
                                                                                                                                                                       >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:
                                            (H) > >]
         Context                                   © Description
                                                                                                                  -
                                                                                                                    © Key     Metrics
         The  objective is to convert one natural-   Vattenfall and its Dutch    subsidiary                           CO, Impact:    1.3 Mt p.a. once 15t CCGT' unit is operational
         gas unit of Nuon’s     Magnum gas power     are  aiming   to convert one of their                            by 2023
         plant to  hydrogen by 2023.                 gas power units in Eemshaven to
         Consortium led    by Vattenfall, its
                                                     HyQroger,    away from naira gas.
                                                                                                 |
                                                                                                   i                  Maturity:  1 -
                                                                                                                                     Concept
         subsidiary Nuon, Gasunie, Equinor           Equinor   will produce   the hydrogen
         and MitsubishiHitachi.                      by converting Norwegian       natural
                                                     gas and Dutch gas infrastructure                                 Cost: N/A
                                                     company Gasunie plays important
                                                     role in distributing the H2 to the
                                                                                                                      Funding: N/A
          VATTENFALL                          py     forum siatonThecoz roasting
                                                     is set to be stored in the   Sleipner                            Key  documents:
                                                     field.
                                        \#
            Ng                          @ eo
                                          PN
                                                                                                                      Vattenfall announcement
                                                                                                                      Nuon   Company presentation
                          equinor                    Timeline                                    oy
                                                     2017:  Project   start and conceptualization
                                                     2019/20: investment decision
                                                     2023: Conversion of first CCGT" to H2 instead of natural gas
                      mM H Sl                        2026: Conversion 2" and 3 CCGT units
                                                     2030+: local H2     production
         1.  Combined Cycle Gas Turbine
         Source: Company press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                            3408
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
         8: Basic                    Oxygen                         Furnace Gas to Urea                                                                (BOF2UREA)                                                                      A& Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:                U         S
                                                                 &
         Context                                              ©       Description                                                                                                   © Key    Metrics
         Targets emission and energy reduction                        The  project sets     out to    (1) optimise the process       to    produce    urea    from basic              CO, Impact:    0.1 Mtpa for every 1  Mtpa steel production
         for the production  of urea  based     products              oxygen furnace gas at a cost level lower than that based on natural gas, (2)                                    (scalable)
                                                                      determine the CO2 footprint reduction potential of the optimised process, and
         Lead by consortium consisting of
                                                                      (3) form  a  lasting    value chain to enable          implementation     of the process in             a
         ArcelorMittal, TNO, Kisuma, Processi                        timeframe of 5 years                                                                                             Maturity:  1 -
                                                                                                                                                                                                     Concept
         Innovativi, Stamicarbon, OCI Nitrogen,
         and Radboud University
                                                                                                                                                                                      Cost: EUR 120 M
                                                                                                                                              BOF Gas ls     & mbcture     of
                                                                                                                                                i
                                                                                                                                                    20, Hy, HO and         M,
                  AN                                                                                                                          In SEWGS the mbeturs le
                                                                                                                                                                                      Funding:   received 170k  funding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          from TKI
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Energie   ?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               of the
         ArcelorMittal                                                                                                                         converted and seoarsied if a           Toeslag voor Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie (TKI's)
                                           KISUMA                                                                    \
                                                                                                                                              CO,   product   and    H, product   |
                                                                                                                                                                                      by the ministry of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands
                                                                                                      "
                                                                                                    BOFG
                                                                                                                    d
                                                                                         r
                                                                                         |
                                                                                         =
                                                                                                                                                                                      Key  documents:
                                                                                                                                              |
                                                                                                SEWGS
                                         innovation                                                         |
                                                                                                              Production  Production  hans       Urea and Ammaonia is established
                        TNO              for life                                                 |
                                                                                                                  c
                                                                                                                                     =
                                                                         BOF2UREA  approach to urea production                                                                        Concept presentation
         a         Processi
                   Innovativi
                                                                      Timeline
                                 A       \ staimicarion
         oct ©                                                        Kick-off in late-2018
           NITROGEN
                                                                      Implementation       of the process           planned within 5 years
                         Radboud    University     &A
                                                        I)
                                                        £
         Source: Company website, Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews                                                                                                                                                                       41
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             3409
</pre>

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<br><br>====================================================================== Pagina 42 ======================================================================

<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                           Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                     u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                     Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                  S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                   (2)  H2
     9: BioMCN
                                                                                                                                                                           only
                                                                                                                                                                   Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                    & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                    >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                             (H) >
     Context                                      © Description                                                                         © Key    Metrics
                                                    BioMCN is    one  of  Europe’s largest methanol producers with    a strong focus on   CO, Impact:   27kt p.a.
       The   objective   is to produce     low-
                                                    bio-methanol.
       carbon renewable methanol based
       on  green    hydrogen from renewable         The vision for the three     key partners Nouryon, BioMCn and Gasunie is to           Maturity: 1 -
                                                                                                                                                        Concept
       energy. The plans play into the              convert renewable      electricity to green hydrogen and, thus, produce renewable
       partners’ wider efforts regarding            methanol from CO2 at BioMCN.
       circular economy.                                                                                                                  Cost: N/A
                                                    Nouryon    and Gasunie will     supply  green H2 produced by a 20MW water
       Consortium led       by Nouryon,             electrolysis  unit in Delfzil (Netherlands) to BioMCN. There, the hydrogen will be
       BioMCN      (by OCI) and Gasunie;            combined with CO2 from various processes to produce renewable methanol,               Funding:  N/A
       further partners include McPhy,              which avoids 27,000 tons of CO2 p.a. versus conventional methanol.
       DeNora and Hinicio.
                                                                                                                                          Key documents:
                                                    The  feasibility of the ambition is being investigated by the partners  —
                                                                                                                              final
                                                    decision expected in H2 2020.
                                                                                                                                          Nouryon press release
                          RNouryon
                                                                                                                                          EU Funding
                crossing borders in energy
                                  BioMCN
      McPhy                                         Timeline
                                                    H2 2020: final decision     on  feasibility and go-ahead expected
        @ penora                      (Hiveio
     Source: Company    press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                         3410
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                            Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                     u   CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                     5s  CCS
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Ss      HZ enabled CCU/S
     10:        Renewable jet fuel from air                                                                                                                                                         2    H2 only
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ®    consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                    >]   Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                  UU     >
     Context                                                ©       Description                                                                                          © Key    Metrics
     The  objective is to build  a plant capable of                 Goal of the   study is to define the concept & basic engineering of onsite                             CO, Impact:   N/A
     producing 1,000 liters of renewable           jet              production   of renewable fuels. Further, it will enable a cost estimate for both the
     fuel per day through Direct Air Capture                        actual construction of the plant and the fuel itself, which will be decisive for
                                                                    further                                                                                                Maturity: 1 -
                                                                                                                                                                                         Concept
     (DAC)                                                                   project development.
     Consortium coordinated       by   EDL                          CO2 is   captured (DAC) and transformed               to syngas with             electrolyser cells
     Anlagenbau    Gesellschaft        GmbH,                        (Sunfire). By means of the Fischer-Tropsch process, syngas is turned                            into   Cost: N/A
     Sunfire GmbH with Climeworks,                                  synthetic hydrocarbons (Interatec) and finally into jet fuels (EDL).
     Interatec GmbH and Rotterdam The
                                                                                                                                                                           Funding:  N/A
     Hague airport Airport
         4                                                                                                                     CO, free alr   Climeworks Plant             Key documents:
                                                                                                                                              captures pure CO,
                                                                                      Application of renewable fuels                          from air.
                                                                                         and materials releases  CO,
                                                                                          back Into the
                                                                                                        Hnoaphers..                                                        Press release
      WAT
        ~—""
                            INERATEC
                                     |                                                              Renewable fuels and
                                                                                                  materials
                                                                                                            sesated fnhom
                                                                                                                          *                    produced
                                                                                                                                            with renewable
                                                                                                                                            energy.
     ——                                   Schiphol
       SkyNRG               URBA                                    Timeline
                        CROSSOVERS
                                                                    N/A
     Source: Company website,  Annual   sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3411
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    (3)  H2 only
     12:        H2ermes                                                                                                                                                                                                             Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                          (H) >
     Context                                    > Description                                                                                                                                          © Key    Metrics
     The  objective is to advance carbon-         The aim of the  project is to investigate                       a    H2 production facility                on    the Tata Steel                        CO, Impact:   N/A
     neutral steel  production     with  use of   ljmuiden site with up to 15,000 tons of green H2 p.a.
     green hydrogen.                              The green HZ shall be based on renewable electricity from windpark power
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Maturity: 1 -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Concept
     Consortium coordinated      by Tata Steel,   connection to Tennet and a large-scale 100 MW electrolyzer. The Port of
     Nouryon    and Port of Amsterdam.            Amsterdam is focused        on linking up the H2 network from this project with other
                                                  CO2 and H2    transport networks in the Dutch region (e.g., Project Athos).                                                                            Cost: N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Funding:  N/A
                                                                               Farters explore the possibilities for a
                                                                               100MW hydrogen plant Production stan
                       MW                                                      aimed  for is 2024.
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Key documents:
              TATA STEEL                                                                                                      Hydrogen  can
                                                                                                                              manufacturing
                                                                                                                                            be  used  for making
                                                                                                                                            mdusinies more sustainable
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Nouryon press release
                                                                                                                                                           Hydrogen   can  be used for making
                                                                                                                                                           manufacturing   industries more sustainable
               RNouryon                                                                                                                                                                                  Tata Steel press  release
                                                                        Projects  are started  to
                                                                                   C02 and                                >
                                                                        Coiting               Hydopen                                         The first hydrogen fuel  station in 2020
   $2     Port of Amsterdam                                              or the production
                                                                        aviation
                                                                                             of fuels for
                                                                                  and shipping                                                will be logic connechon 10 Transport means
                                                  Timeline
                                                  2018: Start of H2ermes        project
     Source: Company website, press release
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          3412
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                  Technology Type
                                                                                                                                            u  CCu
                                                                                                                                            8s CCs
                                                                                                                                         S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                           ()  H2
     14:          CCU/S                              Smart Delta Resources                                                                        only
                                                                                                                                          Project Type
                                                                                                                                           ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                           >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                               U       S  00 I
     Context                                                          ©    Description     © Key    Metrics
     Most cost effective         CC(U)S routing for                        To be announced   CO, Impact:  N/A
     the  region    based     on   the highest                 CO2
     reduction and lowest costs base for                                                     Maturity: 1
     the whole CCS value chain.
                                                                           Timeline          Cost: N/A
     Consortium of Zeeland          Refinery, Dow,
                                                                           To be announced
     Yara, ArcelorMittal, PZEM, Gasunie,
                                                                                             Funding: granted Project of Common Interest (PCI) status by
     Fluxys, Smart Delta Resources and                                                       the
     North Sea Port.
                                                                                                 European Commission, making it eligible for funding from
                                                                                             the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF)
                                                                                             Key  documents:
       Z py
                                                     («
             REFINERY                              -
                          <>
         IA
           SDR
                                        | PZEM |
                                             oe
                     ArcelorMitial                            North
         FLUXYS       ©
                                             oorders
                                          gq
                                                     by anegy
     Source: Company website,      Annual      sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                3413
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                          Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                    u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                    8s CCs
                                                                                                                                                                                 S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                  ()   H2
     15: The                                                                    Delta                                                                                                     only
                                  Hydrogen                                                                                                                                        Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                   ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                   >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                                     ®&®
     Context                                                        ©       Description                                                                     © Key    Metrics
     1GW green      hydrogen project in Delta                              Ambition to become      largest hydrogen cluster in Netherlands and Flanders and   CO, Impact:  N/A
     region (incl. hydrogen infrastructure)                                 lead the transition to the hydrogen economy
                                                                                                                                                              Maturity: 1
     Consortium of ArcelorMittal, Dow
     Benelux, ENGIE, Fluxys, Gasunie, ICL-
                                                                            Timeline                                                                          Cost: N/A
     IP, Impuls Zeeland, North Sea Port,                                                         |
     Orsted, Smart Delta Resources, Yara                                    2025:  large-scale pilot (~100  MW  electrolyzer)
                                                                                                                                                              Funding:  N/A
     Sluiskil and Zeeland        Refinery with                              2030:                                                well
                                                                                   large-scale “hydrogen factory” (~1 GW)     as      as hydrogen
     support from Nederlands Ministerie van                                 infrastructure                                                                         documents:
     Economische Zaken, Provincie Qost-
                                                                                                                                                              Key
     Vlaanderen and Provincie Zeeland
                                                                                                                                                              Press announcement
        ty                                        —
                       A                        eNGie
      rr        ArcelorMittal
                                       AICLY
      FLUXYS  ©   <r          [-
      game.                       «)         Impuls|
                                   ©                  Zeeland
                       SK
                       YARA
                                     oP
                                  ZEELAND REFINERY
     Source: Company website,     Annual        sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                        3414
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                  Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                              S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         16: North-C-Methanol                                                                                                                                                                                  ©nom
                                                                                                                                                                                                                & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:                        U
                                                              (H) eo} ®
         Context                                                   ©       Description                                                                       © Key     Metrics
         Fifteen  public and industrial partners                           The CCU Hub        strategy consists of four processes to be integrated into a      CO, Impact:    647 ktpa
         have the ambition to realize          a  Carbon                   circular value chain:    (1) the production of hydrogen / oxygen (Rodenhuize,
         Capture   and Utilization Hub         (CCU hub)        in         B63MW electrolysis plant), (2) the capture and purification of CO2                  Maturity:   2
         the North Sea Port         area                                   (Knippegroen), (3) the production of methanol and (4) the production of
                                                                           ammonia.                                                                            Cost: estimated investment of €500M for 4 units
         Consortium of      City    of Ghent, North Sea
         Port, Ghent University (CAPTURE), Bio
                                                                                                                                                               Funding: By valorizing   the O2  by-product and heat recovery
         Base Europe Pilot Plant, Cleantech
                                                                                                                                                               for industrial processes and by regulation in REDII the
         Flanders, POM East Flanders, ENGIE,
                                                                                                                                                               unprofitable top is estimated at 20%
         ArcelorMittal, Anglo Belgian Corporation,
         Alco Bio   Fuel, Qiltanking, Terranova
                                                                                                                                                               Key   documents:
         Solar and    Fluxys and the spearhead
         clusters Catalisti (chemistry and plastics)
                                                                                                                                                               Exploratory study
         and Flux50 (energy)
                  Iii               o"
           2)     SR                                 " ean tec A
          ey TT
         N J                     S             pe
                                      anti
            wi
                  GHENT                sia
                                                     Flanders
                  UNIVERSITY
          ——                An             ANGLO BELGIAN
                                                                             .
                                                                           Timeline
                                                                                    5
         CNGIC        arceiomviticl    CS A aNTION                         2023: Construction of the North-C-Methanol        project (63MWe production    of
         FL cnnarom.        Qiltanking
                                             i.          oy   D            green      methanol)
                                              h                            2027:     Scaling up to about 300MWe production      of green methanol, ammonia,
         fl
          IAUXs0
                          (Grom                                            methylamines, formic acid,
                                                                           2030:
                                                                                                           ...
                                                                                                      scale infrastructure
                                                                                     Preparing large
         Source: Company website,       Annual sustainability report, Expert   interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     3415
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                             Technology Type
         17: Power-to-methanol demonstration                                                                                  project                                                     3€  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:               U
                                                       (H) eo}
         Context                                             ©       Description                                                         © Key    Metrics
                                                                                                                                                                      of sustainable methanol (~2% of
         Production of sustainable                                   Methanol will be         produced from waste CO2 and green hydrogen   CO, Impact:
                                                                                                                                           annual demand
                                                                                                                                                        4-8kin tonnes
         methanol     being   an   important      raw               which will be       generated in a new electrolysis plant                                  Antwerp cluster)
         material in the Port of Antwerp
         area    (~300,000    tonnes     p.a.)                                                                                             Maturity: 3
                                                                                                             y           :
                                                                                                                  |
                                                                                                                    RESOL
                                                                                  FOSSIL RESOURCES
                                                                                                                                           Cosi: NA
                                                                                                                                                ;
         Cooperation between Port of
         Antwerpen, ENGIE, Oiltanking,
         Indaver, Vlaamse Milieuholding                                                                                                    Funding: N/A
         (VMH) and Helm-Proman
                                                                                                                                           Key  documents:
                    Port of            ett...
            A Antwerp                 CNGIC                                                                                                Press release
                                    I HM av E R                                    SOVERNAg,,
           Oiltanking
                                                                                              r
                                                                                  ENERGY
                                                                                           Rt
                                                                                   CHEMIST
           At              go       HELM
                                    PROMAN
           We
            VMH
                          ££
                           ar       METHANOL
                                                                     Timeline
                                                                     N/A
         Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                           3416
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                     Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                              u   CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Ss  ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                           S(E)   Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                                             ()   H2
     18: Steelanol                                                                                                                                                                                                   only
                                                                                                                                                                                                             Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                             & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                             >]   Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                U
                                                    >
     Context                                              ©       Description                                                                                © Key    Metrics
     Transforming industrial waste gases into                     The   technology developed by Lanzatech            uses microbes that feed              on   CO, Impact:  184.000t of CO, (equal to 80M liters of gasoline)
     advanced bio-ethanol for      use  in the                    (ferment)      carbon monoxide to          produce bioethanol
     transport  sector  by way of a   novel gas
     fermentation                                                                                                                                              Maturity: 5
                     technology
                                                                                                                                                               Cost: estimated at €150M
     Develped by ArcelorMittal, in
     cooperation with Primetals
     Technologies, LanzaTech and            E4Tech                                                                                                             Funding:  received €10.2M  funding from EU Horizon     2020
                                                                                                                                                               research and innovation program  (No. 656437)
     Several   key players  in the  transport
     sector, Boeing, Virgin Atlantic and                                                                                                                       Key  documents:
                                                                            BLAET FURNACE
     Mitsui, have expressed strong interest
     and support for the project                                                                                        Na                                     Presentation Vlaamse Klimaattop (2015)
            A
     ArcelorMittal                                                                                                            Non  genetically modified
                                     O    PRIMETALS
                                                                                                                           clostridium bacteria
                                                                                                                                 producing
                                                                                                                                                selectively
                                                                                                                                             ethanol
          Lanzalech®                ©   E4tech
                                                                  Timeline
      Gover,iad                   virgin atlantic?                Construction of         facility has started mid-2019
                                                                  First  production expected          end-2020
                 Sx   MITSUI& CO.
     Source: Company website,  Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3417
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                         Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                        u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                     S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         19: Carbon2Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                       & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                       >]  Cross-border
                                 eRe                                                                                                                                                       ON
         Key     characteristics:               |      > >]                                                                                                                             F        Lal
                                                                                                                                                                                                =)
                                                                                                                                                                                            vp
         Context                                             ©       Description                                                                     © Key     Metrics
         Transformation of CO2 and CO streams                        Blast furnace gas is directed to a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) installation   CO, Impact: 30-45% reduction of GHG emissions from blast
         from the steel  industry into new value                    to  separate CO from other gases. The CO gas stream can be valorized via two       furnace gases
         chains  (ethanol and synthetic naphtha)                     routes:  (i) Fischer-Tropsch catalytical conversion to ethylene  and (ii)
                                                                     biofermentation to ethanol.                                                             }
                                                                                                                                                       Maturity: 3
         Develped by ArcelorMittal, in
         cooperation with Dow Benelux,                               CO-poor tail gases will be separated from nitrogen and other gas components
                                                                                                                                                       Cost: €10.5M
                                                                     using Clathrate technology.
                                                                                                                                                            PRE
         LanzaTech, University of Lille, ISTP
         and POM EF
                                                                                                                                                       Funding: received support from the Interreg 2 Seas program
                                                                                                                                                       and €4.4M ERDF" subsidies
                  a
         ArcelorMitial
                                  <EleP>                                                                                                               Key  documents:
         LanzaTech®                       oA fie                                                                                                       Carbon2Value  website
                                                                     Timeline
                                                                     Pilot was   launched mid-2019 and is   expected  to be finished mid-2021
         1.  European Regional Development  Fund
         Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3418
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                  Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                            u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                            8s CCs
                                                                                                                                                                         S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                          ()   H2
     20:         CCUS infrastructure                                                         Antwerp
                                                                                                                                                                                  only
                                                                                                                                                                          Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                           ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                           >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                 U         S
                                                              (cx)
     Context                                               ©       Description                                                                        © Key    Metrics
     Economic and technical     feasibility study                  The  feasibility study will also investigate the possibilities for CO2 storage.      CO, Impact:  N/A
     into the development of “open         access”                 Belgium does not have suitable geological formations for storing CO2
     CCUS infrastructure                                           underground, and so international collaboration will be necessary. To
                                                                                                                                                        Maturity: 1
     Consortium between Air
                                                                   support this international collaboration, Port of Antwerp and a number of other
                                 Liquide, BASF,                               submitted two                 to the            Commission earlier this
                                                                   partners                   applications         European
     Borealis, INEOS, ExxonMobil, Fluxys,
                                                                   year for  recognition as   ‘Projects of Common Interest’.                            Cost: N/A
     Port of Antwerp and Total     —
                                      Announced
     December 2019
                                                                   Both  projects offer possibilities for investigating the development of cross-       Funding:  N/A
             Port of                                               border CO2    transport infrastructure, linking up respectively with Rotterdam
                              (® air Liquide
             Antwerp                                               (CO2TransPorts project)        and  Norway (Northern Lights project).
                                                                                                                                                        Key documents:
                             FLUXYS®                               Timeline
                                                                   Feasibility study completed towards      the end of 2020
                                                                                                                                                        Press release
     Ex¢onMobil
     [N ECS QD ToTAL
             Va    BOREALIS
     Source: Company website, Annual   sustainability report, Expert interviews                                                                                                             51
                                                                                                                                                                                                3419
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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                               u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                               Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         21:          Leilac                Project                                                                                                                                                          Ne
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                              >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:                 S
                                                        >>
         Context                                              © Description                                                                                    © Key      Metrics
         Aim of the    project is to demonstrate                LEILAC   (Low Emissions Intensity Lime                                                           CO, Impact:   N/A
                 of Direct                                      and
                                                                                                                                               +
                                                                                                                                                 CO: captured/
         ability             Separation technology     to            Cement) is a pilot project situated in      Pré-groung                      Sequestered
         reduce CO2 from lime and cement                        Lixhe, Belgium, to employ that Direct                                                                   i
                                                                                                                 Heat                                            Maturity:  4
         production.                                            Separation technology in the cement and
                                                                lime production process.
         Consortium is led       by Heidelberg
         Cement, Cemex, Calix, Tarmac,            Lhoist        The demonstration   project aims to enable       Calciner                                        Cost: €21m
         and others,                                            the capture of the unavoidable CO2
                                                                emissions (about 60 % of total CO2
                                                                                                                                                                 Funding:   €12m  by EU Horizon 2020, €9m from key partners
                                                                emissions) from both industries without          Calis
                                                                                                                                                 COz Released
          ri El DE LBERG CE M ENT                               significant energy or capital penalty other
                                                                                                                 Combustor    I
                                                                than compressing the CO2.
                                                                                                                                                                 Key documents:
        Heemex o calix                                                                                          -
                                                                                                                Accumulation
                                                                                                                             ~
                                                                                                                              1   f
                                                                                                                                                                 Leilac Project Webiste
                                                                                                                               TR
                                      CcLhoist
                                                                                                                  vy
                  TARMAC                                                                                          Mat Gas
                   A CRH COMPANY
                                                                                                                                    Pri + Finished Products
                            innovation
                            for life
                                                 S
                                              SOLVAY
                                                                Timeline
                                                                2016:  project passed pre-FEED study
                                                                        La                    -
                                                                2017: Final investment decision made
                                 3                              2019:  Completion  of pilot, on time and under budget
            Quantis                        Sa
                                          —,
                                         CARBON
                                                          "u,
                                                                2020: Final  completion  of Leilac
                                            TRUST
         Source:  Project website, company press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3420
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                               u  CcCu
                                                                                                                                                                                               Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                            S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         22:          CEMCAP                          Project                                                                                                                                Se
                                                                                                                                                                                              ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                              >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:                S
                                                       >
         Context                                             © Description                                                                       © Key    Metrics
         Objective is to capture CO2 from cement               Overarching aim of CEMCAP is to prepare the industry for large-scale                CO, Impact: N/A
         production   facilities  directly.                    implementation of CO2 capture from cement plants. Hence, the project evaluates
                                                               different technologies with a targeted capture rate of 90% to identify greatest
         The  project is led by Heidelberg Cement                                                                                                            4
                                                               potential ar
                                                                                   oy
                                                                             relroniting.                                                          Maturity:
         and its subsidiaries with        technology
         and academic partners.                                Based   on findings, CEMCARP will describe  routes for large scale deployment and
                                                               follow-up potential  innovations.                                                   Cost: €10m
                                                                                                                                                   Funding:  €9m funding by EU Horizon 2020
          HEIDELBERGCEMENT                                                                                                                         —_—
          NORCEM                                                                                                                                   Cemcap Project Website
           HEIDELBERGCEMENT Group
                                       Italcementi
                                       AEIDELBERGCEMENTGroup
                                                               Timeline
                                                               N/A
                   ,
                                    thyssenkrupp
         Source: Project website, company press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3421
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         23: Steel2Chemicals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  >]  Cross-border
         Key      characteristics:                         U           S
                                                                          he, >
         Context                                                         ©  Description                                                                                                                 © Key     Metrics
         The  objective   of the Steel2Chemicals       project      is      The S2C     project     first of all aims to                    explore the performance for a new catalyst under              CO, Impact:   2.3 tCO2 per ton of naphtha captured in chemical
         to demonstrate     a cost-effective solution for                   industrial conditions             —
                                                                                                                  converting                CO together with H2 into high quality naphtha.           An   products, plus  additional 4.5 tCO2 per ton of naphtha storage (+85
         cutting carbon emissions     by establishing         a new         additional study was launched to liquefy the remaining CO2 (for instance using cryogenic                                      ktCO2 p.a. from H2/CH4      pipeline)
         value chain between the steel and the                              technology) to be able to transport, reuse or store the CO2 via Northern Light or Porthos
         chemical    industry                                               network.
                                                                            As
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Maung: S--Deigifingroansrenes
         Collaboration between Arcelor Mittal           (Ghent),                a parallel but separate track the valorisation of waste H2/CH4 gas from the
         DOW Chemicals         (Terneuzen),  Tata Steel                     chemical      industry as a sustainable reductant for the steel industry will be investigated.
         (ljmuiden), ISPT, TNO-ECN, and University                  of      H2/CH4 waste gas from Dow (Temeuzen) will be transported in a future pipeline to
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Cost: N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ’
         Ghent                                                              ArcelorMittal Gent. The gas will be injected in a blast furnace as reductant to replace fossil
                                                                            coal. From the hydrogen enriched BF top gas the CO2 will be separated, shipped and
                                                                            stored. The rich CO2/H2 gas stream will in an initial stage be converted into ethanol using
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Funding:9 RVC (Ri  (Rikedienst Voor Chdernemend Nederland )
                                                                            the  Carbalyst technology (see other project) and in a second stage into naphtha via Fischer-
                    Pa                                                      Tropsch (S2C)         in combination with additional                       hydrogen             rich industrial gases.
           ArcelorMittal                                                                                                                                                                                  Key documents:
                                                                                  ——                                                                                                    .
                                                                                         y
                                                                                                                                 €0;          (PSA
                                                                                                                                                                         Mle
                                                                                                                            ©
                                                                                                                                     Separation        co                14
                                                                                                                            ar
                                                                                                  Liguefaction                    CarbonZValue]
                                                                                                                                     lh
                                                                                                                                                             —
                                                                                                                                                                     i                Raphtha                 5         y  i
                                                                                                   ng.                 =
                                                                                                                                                           J                                              Project description
                                                             a
                                                                                      |           iE
                                                                                                      -    bl
                                                                                                                                            :        a    a                      sa
                                                                                                            |
                  a                                                                                             oS
            TATA STEEL
                                                                                         +
                                                                                           |
                                                                                                               Blast Fumace
                                                                                                              Buctd  thiol
                                                                                                                               ]
                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                                                        gl
                                                                                                                               |
                                                Institute For                          _
                                                                                                r
                                                Sustainable                           w—                          =
                                                                                                                               I
                                        (2H                                                                                                               a,—
                                        iw      Process  Technolagy                   #      EE                                I          ”
                                                                                                                                          Fis
                                                                                                                                                   |
                                                                                                                                                   I
                                                                                                                I              I
             JI}
                                                                                                                                                   |
                                                                                    a                          P=
                                                                                                                                                   I
                                                                                                                               i
             UNIVERSITEIT
                                                                                    oC                                         I
                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                                                   |
                                                                                                                                                   I       Power glam
                                                                                                                                                   |
             GENT                                                                     feat                                     |
                                                                                                                                                   r         Pipeiine(s)  |   ¥
                                                                                                                                                                                                   4
                                                                                                                               I
                                                                                                                               |
                                                                                                                               1
                                                                                                                                                           —
                                                                                                                                                                                                    fe
                Z       ECN) TNO ii                              er         Timeline
                                                                            2020: Pilot at Arcelor Mittal                      plant operational
         Source: Arcelor Mittal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       3422
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                            Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                           u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                        S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         24:                  HyPort Ostend                                                                                                                                                              Dr
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                          >]  Cross-border
         Key      characteristics:                                          |       (H) &
         Context                                                                      ©  Description                                                                         © Key    Metrics
         The   project goal is to have                            a plant                In the first phase of the process, the general feasibility will be further            CO, Impact:     N/A
         operational in the port area of Ostend                                          investigated  and  a development plan will be worked out. An innovative
         by 2025 that produces green hydrogen.                                           demonstration    project with mobile shore-based power will then be started.
         This end product, green hydrogen, will                                                                                                                                Maturity:   1 -
                                                                                                                                                                                                Concept
                                                                                         A demonstration      project with    an innovative  electrolyser of around 50 MW is
         both  serve as an                       energy        source   for
                                                                                         also scheduled.
         electricity,        transport, heat and fuel
                                                                                                    the roll-out of                 shore-based power                          Cost: N/A
         purposes and                   as a raw              material for               By 2022,                    a large-scale                       project, running on
         industrial purposes.                                                            green  hydrogen, will   start.
                                                                                         The finish line will be crossed in 2025 with the      completion of a commercial      Funding:  -
                                                                                         green  hydrogen plant     in the context of the planned new offshore wind
         Collaboration between DEME, Port of                                             Concessions.
         Ostend and PMV.                                                                                                                                                       Key documents:
                                                                                                                                                                               Press release
            © DEME
            I      [redping, Erckarmantal & Marin: Englnering
                                                                     Port
                                                               aN Oostende
                                                                        Energy port
               "
               MN. PMV
               DOE- EN DURFBEDRIJF
         Source:  Company                 press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               3423
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                              Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                        u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                        Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                     S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                      (3)  H2 only
     25:        HySynGas                                                                                                                                                              Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                       & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                       >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                       (H) >
     Context                                    © Description                                                                        © Key    Metrics
     The aim is to establish   a power-to-gas     The consortium announced      a large-scale power-to-gas project in an industrial    CO, Impact:  0.04  Mtpa
     hub to advance decarbonization in            park in Brunsbittel (Germany) with a facility to produce green hydrogen and
     Northern   Germany     across sectors.       synthetic gases (SNG) from electricity generated by nearby solar and wind plants.
                                                  A 50 MW electrolyser for H2 as well as production facilities for synthetic methane   Maturity: 1/2 -
                                                                                                                                                       Concept
     Sonsotium led    py Vaiteniall, tolsther     with a capacity  of >40 tonnes per  day are planned.
     with ARGE    Netz and MAN Energy
     Solutions.                                   The aim is  a cross-sector  decarbonization. Hence, envisioned end-user              Cost: 130 m  EUR
                                                  applications  include ships, buses, gas power plants and other industrial sectors.
                                                  First costumers   already include Volkswagen,   some logistics companies,
                                                  municipal utilities and more.                                                        Funding: Yes,   but no numbers publicly available
                                                  The  partner companies have also applied for funding from the Federal Ministry for
                                                  Economic Affairs and    Energy to build a related R&D laboratory.                    Key documents:
      VATTENFALL
                                        wn!Se .
                                                                                                                                       HySynGas Project \Website
                                    SSN
      ARGE NETZ2
      fn)
      MAN Energy Solutions
     Source: Company press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                            3424
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                               u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                               Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         26: Westkiiste                                         100                                                                                                                                          J)
                                                                                                                                                                                                             ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                              >]  Cross-border
         Key       characteristics:                U
                                                          (H) &
         Context                                                ©       Description                                                                        © Key    Metrics
         Aim is to map and scale       a regional                       Project has     a holistic approach, using wind power   to generate green hydrogen   CO, Impact:   N/A  (but planned creation of 700MW of
         hydrogen economy        on an   industrial                    through electrolysis. CO2 produced in the cement plant is to be used as a raw         hydrogen)
         scale, activities range from the                               material together with the green hydrogen in the refinery for the production of
         generation    of green  electricity to the                     synthetic hydrocarbons, which can be used as aviation fuel or chemical raw
                                                                                                                                                             Maturity: 1
         production of synthetic hydrocarbons                           material
         Cooperation between EDF Germany,
         Holcim Germany Group, OGE, Orsted,                               Co                                                                                 Cost: 100  m  EUR
                                                                        Timeline
         Raffinerie Heide, thyssenkrupp
                                                                        Planning scheduled       to start early 2020
                                                                                                                                                             Funding:  will receive ~100  m EUR   funding from German
                                                                        Scale up to 30MW of        electrolysis capacity by 2025
                                                                                                                                                             Government
             .                                                          Plant could be up and       running by  2030
         “Ss EeDF                   Orsted
         Tiolcim                     OG-E
                 Ee
                 es
                 frog
         RAFFINERIE
              HEIDE
                                    &
                                thyssenkrupp
         Source:   Company website, Annual  sustainability report, Expert    interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3425
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                            Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                           u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                           5s CCS
                                          .
                                                                                                                                                                                                        S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                         D
         28: CO2MIin
                  .
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                          >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:               U
                                                       >
         Context                                             ©       Description                                                                           © Key      Metrics
         Main focus is  on  environmental                            Project explores the absorption of CO2 from flue gas by the minerals olivine            CO, Impact:   N/A
         assessment of    developing processes for                   and basalt, which are are able to bind CO2 over their entire life-cycle. This
         mineralization  via Life Cycle Assessment                   process usually takes decades, thus research is focused on speeding up the                     i
                                                                                                                                                             Maturity:  2
                                                                     process. In the future, the carbonised minerals could be used        as a value-added
         a A                                                         additive in the P production of building 9 materials ’
         in cooperation with HeidelbergCement
                                                                                                                                                             Cost: N/A
                                                                     Timeline                                                                                     i                                           So
                                                                                                                                                             Funding:   funded with €3M by German Federal   Ministry  of
                                                                     Started in 2017 with    investigating different materials                               Education and Research (BMBF)
                                                                     Currently working    on  marketability   and  increasing social acceptance
          AEIDELBERGCEMENT                                           Project finished  in May   2020
         Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               3426
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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                        Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                      u   Cccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                      5s  CCS
                                                                                                                                                                                                          H2 enabled CCU/S
         > 9 ud
                    ®
                        GetH 2                                                                                                                                                                       0    H2 only
                                                                                                                                                                                                     Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                     @®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                     >]   Cross-border
         Key      characteristics:
                                                          (H) >                                                                                                                                                r)
         Context                                                 ©    Description                                                                                         © Key     Metrics
         The vision is to       implement          a  nationwide      GetH2 aims to connect German                          regions with high proportions of renewables     CO, Impact:    N/A
         H2 infrastructure in          Germany including              energies (mainly wind                      and solar)  to produce green H2. The ultimate goal is to
         all elements:      production, storage, use and              establish a nation-wide H2 distribution using existing gas networks, to reach
         transport    on an     industrial scale.                     >90% of industry and population (see map). H2 that is not used directly shall be                      Maturity:   3
                                                                      Siero.
         Consortium led         by RWE, Stadtwerk
         Lingen, Siemens, Hydrogenious,                               Initial focus for end-users will be                   on  mobility and large-scale industry.          Cost: N/A
         Nowega and more.                                             Project kickoff and project nucleus for GetH2 is in Lingen, Emsland region.
                                                                                                                                                                            Funding:    N/A
                                     RWE J                                                                                                                                  Key documents:
                                                                  |
     SIEMENS                                                      |                                                                                                         Official GetHZ2 Brochure
          EMENS
                                             |KEM                                                                                                                                                               i
                                       Vir
                                           transportieres
             STADTWERKE
                                      nowega .=~
             LINGEN
                                   hydrQgenioos
                                           LOHC TECHNOLCGIES
                                                                 |  ——   Naturalgas network,
                                                                                          to be partly converted to
          ——                                                             hydrogen network
          S—                                                        ———
                                                                                   grid
                                                                         Electricity
        =    |IIlENERTRAG
               Eine Energie voraus
                                                                    Prater
         Source:  Company      press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3427
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                     Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                              u   CCu
                                                                                                                                                                              8s  CCs
                                                                                                                                                                            S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                             ()   H2
     31: Post-combustion CO2
                                                                                                                                                                                     only
                                                                                                   scrubbing                                                                 Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                              ® consortium
                                                                                                                                                                              © Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                    U
                                                        >
     Context                                                  ©       Description                                                                         © Key    Metrics
     Aim is to recover    CO2      generated     as a                 CO2   scrubbing    involves a scrubbing agent to separate the carbon dioxide          CO, Impact: N/A
     by-product  of production processes.                             emitted   by conventional coal-fired power plants following desulphurisation of
                                                                     the flue gas and is the only method suitable for retrofitting existing power plants.
     Cooparalion   between        Linde, RWE and                      CO2 is extracted from flue gas    through solutions of amines.                        Maturity: 3
     BASF.
                                                                                                                                                            Cost: N/A
                                                                      Timeline
                                      RW E                            2019: First  pilot
                                                                                                                                                            Funding: N/A
                                                                      2020: Commercial readiness       expected
                     The Chemical Company
     Source: Company website,     Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                   3428
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                  Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                            u    CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ss   ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                         S(Z)    H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                           (2)  H2
     32: Northern
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    only
                                                      Lights Projects                                                                                                                                     Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                           & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                           >]    Cross-border
     Key      characteristics:                S
                                                     >
     Context                                               ©       Description                                                                             © Key    Metrics
     The Northern     Lights project  is part of the               The Northern     Lights project  includes  ship transport,  onshore  storage, pipeline    CO, Impact:  100 Mtons, 1.5 Mtons per year
     Norwegian     full-scale CCS   project.                      transport   to an  offshore  injection well, and  injection of COZ2 for storage in a
                                                                   Subsuriace storage complex.
     The   project is lead by Equinor, who are                                                                                                                         2
                                                                                                                                                             Maturity:
     leading a consortium including Shell and                      CO2 from industrial    sources    is captured in the  Oslo-fjord region and other
     Total                                                         regions (e.g. Arcelor Mittal) and shipped as liquid CO2 to an onshore terminal
                                                                   on the Norwegian west coast. From there, it will be transported by pipeline to an         Cost: estimated €1.6B forfull-scale CSS including Northern
     Memoranda of      understanding have been
                                                                   offshore storage location subsea in the North Sea, for permanent storage                  Lights
     signed with, Air Liquide, Arcelor Mittal,
     Ervia, Fortum Oyj, HeidelbergCement
     AG, Preem, and Stockholm Exergi                                                                                                                         Funding: granted Project  of Common Interest  (PCI)    status    by
                                                                   Timeline                                                                                  the European Commission, making it eligible for   funding   from
                                                                                                                                                             the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF)
                                                                   Started  drilling CCS exploration well in Q4 2019
              -#
           :
             Sy          @     ToTAL
                                                                   Current status:   awaiting  final investment decision for    project from partners  and
      equInor
                       @  Air Liquide                              government (Q2-Q4 2020)
                                                                   Scheduled to be     operational   end of 2023
             Pn                 .
     ArcelorMittal     ‘A RV I d
                                        @Fortum
     AEIDELBERGCEMENT
     &S      stockholm
     S exergi
     Source:  Company website, Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews                                                                                                                                               61
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3429
</pre>

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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                              Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                        u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                        Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                     S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                      ()   H2
     34: Norks E-Fuel
                                                                                                                                                                                              only
                                                                     Alpha                                                                                                            Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                       & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                       >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                    U
                                                       HY C
     Context                                                ©       Description                                                                      © Key    Metrics
     Aim of  project is to promote novel Power-                    Aim is to   develop and  implement   PtL projects using  renewable electricity to   CO, Impact: 25k tons per year
     to-Liquid (PtL) technologies      in  Norway                   produce synthetic diesel, jet-fuel and chemicals from water and CO2      (100  %
     and Europe.                                                    renewable).
                                                                                                                                                       Maturity: 2
     Consortium of   Sunfire, Climeworks and                        CO2 is extracted from    atmosphere   and chemical site, converted into syngas,
     Paul Wurth                                                     refined and then  can  be used  as e-Jetfuel or e-\Waxes.
                                                                                                                                                       Cost: estimated at €150M
     é sunfire
                                    Ne’                                                                                                                Funding: N/A
                           CLIMEWORKS
                                Capturing CO, from air
                                                                    Timeline
                                                                    Project location identified and available for realization
     P”"      PAUL WURTH                                            Financing secured
                                                                    FEED in progress until mid-2020
     Source: Company website, Annual    sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                            3430
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                             Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                            u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                         S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         38: Bio CHP in Stockholm                                                                                                                                                                          & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                           >]  Cross-border
         Key     characteristics:               S
         Context                                             ©       Description                                                                             © Key    Metrics
         Aim is to test carbon   capture  at Vartan                  Overall   project  aims to install a  carbon capture test facility at its biomass-fired   CO, Impact: 0.8 Mtons per year
         bioenergy plant                                             KVV8 unit at Vartan combined heat and power          (CHP) plant    in Stockholm.
                                                                                   Carbon                                                                      Maniy: 3
         Project  is led by Stockholm     Exergi.                    Bioenergy              Capture and Storage (BECCS) enables the capture of
                                                                     carbon dioxide     (CO2) from the biomass fuel in the post-combustion flue gases.
                                                                                                                                                               Gost: £5210 €77 perenne   of COZ captured
                                                                     The CO2 is     compressed     into liquid form and stored in  underground     rock
                                                                     formations.                                                                               Funding: N/A
                     &S stockholm                                    Timeline
                     = exergl
                                                                     Test  facility installed in late-2019
         Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                3431
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                          u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                       S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                        ()   H2 only
     39: Preem CCS                                                                                                                                                                                      Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                         & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                         >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:               S
     Context                                             ©       Description                                                                              © Key    Metrics
     Preliminary study   on  how Preem's                         Overall aim is to create    technology to separate     carbon dioxide from the flue        CO, Impact:  0.5 Mtons per year, around 30% of total
     refinery in Lysekil could use CCS to                        gases before     being  released into the  atmosphere.                                     emissions
     capture and store carbon dioxide and
     define the obstacles and                    that
                                                                 CO, is transported     from Sweden to     Norway  to utilize the infrastructure they are
                                 possibilities
                                                                 planning to create.                                                                                  2
     exist in Preem's  case.                                                                                                                                Maturity:
     Cooperation between Prees, Chalmers
     University of Technology and SINTEF                         Timeline                                                                                   Cost: N/A
                                                                 Next step: carry out a demonstration       project in Lysekil  to provide basis for
                                                                 designing    a full-scale CCS facility
                                                                                                                                                            Funding:  N/A
                                                                 Study   started in 2019 and scheduled to      run until 2021
                                                                Aiming    to build a full-scale facility by 2025.
     Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              3432
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                                           Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  S(E)  Hz enabled CCU/S
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   (2)  H2
     40/41:                 H2V NORMANDY and H2V 59                                                                                                                                                                        only
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:
                                          (H)
     Context                                       © Description                                                                                                   © Key    Metrics
     The aim is to  provide green hydrogen to        The  project aims     to advance the              European energy transition by offering green                  CO, Impact:  N/A
     French industrial     users   currently using   hydrogen      to French industrial users in the                 Normandy region. Many             end-users
     grey  hydrogen.                                 are in port areas such as Le Havre, Dunkirk, etc. Local distribution will leverage
                                                     the existing H2 network currnelty used for grey H2. Production is planned to                                    Maturity: 2/3
     The  project is led by H2V Industry,            reach 28,000 tonnes of H2 annually (3% of total production in France) and
     supported by GE (e.g., substations).            create 200 jobs per site by 2022.
                                                                                                                                                                     Cost: 230 -
                                                                                                                                                                                 250 m  EUR
                                                                               Criquet / Sandouville
                                                                                         “w
                                                                 Ratier «=                                                               mp
                                                                                                                                             i.      Port- JerGme    Funding: Yes,  but no numbers publicly available
                                                                                                                                             _
                                                            Sandowville <#                                                                    $       Port- Jerdme
                                                               Lp Havie Mpr—
                                                                                                                                                                     Key documents:
                                                                                         v
                                                                                                                                Poste de répartition                 H2V Normandy Project Website
                                                                                        2=
                                                                                                                           ="
                                                                                                                                de RTE 3 créer
                                                                                       Dred    Larts     oT       A
                                                                                       Poste  électrique existant de
                                                                                       Saint- Jean-de-Folleville
                                                                                                                                Poste de transformation HZVN
                                                     Timeline
                                                                              ps
                                                     2016/17:     Concept   and site selection
                                                     2018/19:     Feasibility studies and research
                                                     2020:  Authority approvals
                                                     2021-2023: Installation and full                operationalization
     Source: Company  press releases
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         3433
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                                        Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                  u  CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                                  8s CCs
                                                                                                                                                                                               S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                                ()   H2 only
     46: CirclEnergy                                                                                                                                                                            Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ®   consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                 >]  Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:                 U
                                                     (H)
     Context                                               ©       Description                                                                    © Key    Metrics
     Aim is to reduce   society's dependency                       Inevitable CO2 industrial emissions   are captured, purified and reacted with    CO, Impact:  N/A
     on  fossil fuels by facilitating the                          hydrogen produced through water electrolysis, to generate methanol. Hydrogen
     expansion of CRI's innovative Emissions-                      may also be processed from by-product streams of industries that produce
                                                                                                                                                    Maturity: 3
     to-Liquids (ETL) technology.                                  more   than  they consume in some cases. The reaction takes place over a well-
                                                                   known    copper/zinc oxide catalyst system. The methanol is produced in an
     Developed by Carbon Recycling
                                                                   aqueous mixture                                                                  Cost: N/A
     International
                                                                                                                                                    Funding:  Received €1.8M in funding from EU Horizon 2020
                         CARBON                                    Timeline
                         RECYCLING
              a     4 y  INTERNATIONAL                             N/A
     Source:  Company website, Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3434
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<pre>13995443                                                                                                                                                                          Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                   u   CCu
                                                                                                                                                                                   Ss  ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                 S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
                                                                                                                                                                                  ()   H2
     47: Clean
                                                                                                                                                                                          only
                                     Energy Project                                                                                                                               Project Type
                                                                                                                                                                                   & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                   © Cross-border
     Key     characteristics:               S
                                                   > >]
     Context                                             ©       Description                                                                   © Key    Metrics
     Aim is to  inject CO2 in oil fields for                     Overall aim is to build an  Allam cycle power plant  in western Lithuania and   CO, Impact:   up to 200 Mtons
     enhanced oil recovery                                       capture CO2. CO2 can be used for EOR (Enhanced Qil Recovery), after which
                                                                 it gets recycled and permanently sequestered.
     Project  is led by Minijos  Nafta
                                                                                                                                                 Maturity: 2 -
                                                                                                                                                               Feasibility study
                                                                Additionally,  it provides a storage site for other major GHG  emitters in
                                                                 Lithuania.
     Fad™
     MINIJOS NAFTA
                                                                 Timeline
                                                                 N/A
                                                                                                                                                 Cost: N/A
                                                                                                                                                 Funding: N/A
     Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert  interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                        3435
</pre>

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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                                      Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         49: ICO2CHEM                                                                                                                                                                                              6aor
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    >]  Cross-border
                                       ir
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               £5
                                                                >
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        .
          Key          characteristics:                  U                                                                                                                                                                AA
         Context                                                      ©       Description                                                                            © Key     Metrics
         Aims at         developing  a new    production                      The  technological    core of the project consists   in the combination of   a Reverse   CO, Impact:  N/A
         concept for converting           waste CO2 to                        Water Gas Shift     (RWGS)    reactor  coupled  with  an  innovative modular Fischer-
         value-added chemicals                                                Tropsch (FT) reactor.                                                                          .
                                                                                                                                                                       Maturity: 2
         Developed by VTT, INERATEC,                                          The  pilot plant will convert CO2 from a    biogas upgrading plant together with
         Infraserv Hochst, ALTANA, Provadis                                   industrial  HZ, a by-product from a chlor-alkali electrolyzer plant,      into highly
         Hochschule and Politecnico di Torino                                 valuable white oils and    high molecular weight aliphatic waxes                         Cost: N/A
                                                                              Timeline                                                                                           received €6M in         from EU Horizons 2020
                                                                                                                                                                       Funding:                  funding
                                                                              Study   results including  business   plan set to be released   by  late 2021
          VIT                         ove
             .i-+i-infraserv
         *"%""          hochst
                                      prévadis   Hochschule
          QO        ALTANA
           «2m; [POLITECNICO
         a3To+ DI TORINO
         |ef
                       Zl
           or
           pr
                  Era
                  Ta
             =,  wih 2
         Source:       Company website,   Annual  sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         3436
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<pre>1 3 9 9 544 3                                                                                                                                                                                        Technology Type
                                                                                                                                                                                                       u  ccu
                                                                                                                                                                                                       Ss ccs
                                                                                                                                                                                                    S(Z)  H2 enabled CCUIS
         50: RECODE                                                                                                                                                                                  out
                                                                                                                                                                                                      & Consortium
                                                                                                                                                                                                      >]  Cross-border
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   PRE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 AF
         Key     characteristics:                                                                                                                                                                         AA
         Context                                             ©       Description                                                                       © Key    Metrics
         Aim is to use  CO,   from flue gases of                     The  project follows  a circular economy   approach:  CO2   produced by cement      CO, Impact:  >20% reduction of emissions
         cement   plant for the production of value-                 manufacturing is purified by ionic liquids and re-used in significant part within
         added chemicals and materials to                           the plant itself to produce better cement-related products entailing less energy
                                                                                                                                                               -
                                                                                                                                                         Maturity: 3
         improve cement quality,     reduce energy                   intensity  and related CO2 emissions    by  a Quadratic effect.
         intensity and CO,
                                                                                                                                                         Cost: N/A
         Project is driven by consortium of Titan
         Cement, SMEs and multiple research                          Timeline
         centers and universities   across   7                                                                                                                -
                                                                                                                                                                       :            :
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Cy
                                                                                                                                                         Funding:  received €8M funding from the European   Union's
         European countries                                          Development     of key functional materials started in 2017
                                                                                                                                                         Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
                                                                     Project finishes in mid 2021 with assembly of single-process lines and testing at
                                                                     cement    manufacturing   site
           ZZ       TITAN
                    CEMENT GROUP
         Source: Company website, Annual sustainability report, Expert interviews
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           3437
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